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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Anisocytosis |
Variation in the size of cells. |
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Poikilocytosis |
Variation in the shape of cells. |
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Microcyte |
RBC less than 6 microns. |
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Macrocyte |
RBC bigger than 8 microns. |
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Normocyte and another name |
RBC that contains less than normal amount of hemoglobin. Aka discocyte. |
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Hypochromic erythrocyte |
RBC that contains less than the normal amount of hemoglobin. |
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Normochromic erythrocyte |
RBC that contains the normal amount of hemoglobin. |
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Polychromasia |
Erythrocytes that exhibit a gray blue staining on a wright stained smear due to the presence of the ER and RNA. |
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Anisochromasia |
RBC that has an uneven hemoglobin concentration. |
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Dimorphic population |
RBCs that are of two distinct sizes on a peripheral smear. |
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Acanthocyte and other names |
Unevenly spaced bulbous projections. Aka thorn cell or spur cell. |
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Crenated cell and another name |
Evenly spaced rounded projections. Aka berry cell. |
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Burr cell and another name |
Evenly spaced pointed projections. Aka echinocyte. |
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Spherocyte |
Cell that has no central pallor; spherical in shape; appearance is hyperchromic. |
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Target cell and other names |
Has central area of hemoglobin pigment surrounded by a relatively clear area and a peripheral rim of hemoglobin; may be an extension of the peripheral rim of hemoglobin to the center of the cell. Aka codocyte or mexican hat cell. |
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Sickle cell and other names |
Thin, elongated RBC with a point at each end; may have oat, crescent, "L", "V", or "S" shapes. |
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Stomatocyte |
Has an oval or rectangular area of central pallor. Resembles mouth. |
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Elliptocyte |
Cigar shaped RBC. Has little to nothing area of central pallor. |
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Ovalocyte |
Egg shaped RBC. Has an oval shaped area of central pallor. |
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Teardrop cell and other names |
Has one pointed projection causing the cell to be teardrop in form. Aka pear cell, pointed cell, and dacryocyte. |
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Tail cell and another name |
Has one projection that is not pointed. Aka filamented cell. |
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Schizocyte and another name |
Fragmented RBC. |
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Rouleaux formation |
RBCs that are connected in rows that look like toppled stacks of coins. |
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Agglutination and another name |
RBCs that are clumped together. Aka autoagglutination. |
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Folded cell and another name |
RBCs that appear to have one side folded inward. |
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Spheroidocyte |
RBC that has an eccentric area of pallor. |
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Blister cell and another name |
RBC that has a vacuole that appears like a blister. Mass (Howell jolly body) is taken out leaving a colorless hole. Aka marginal achromatic cell. |
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What cells do blister cells give rise to? |
Helmet cell and keratocyte. |
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Helmet cell |
Cellular element remaining after the rupture of a blister cell. |
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Keratocyte |
Has two spicules that resemble horns; formation due to rupturing of a blister cell. |
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Pinchered cell and other names |
Almost look like mushrooms. Aka pinched or knizocyte. |
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Howell jolly body |
Spherical nuclear fragments (DNA); usually only one present; stains dark blue to purple; normally pitted from RBC during passage through spleen. |
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Basophilic stippling |
Tiny, round, solid-staining dark blue granules representing aggregates of RNA. |
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Course basophilia is referred to as _________________. |
Punctuate stippling. |
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Pappenheimer bodies are same as _____________, but use different stain. |
Siderotic granules. |
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Pappenheimer bodies |
Usually seen as purple dots. Usually clustered together and generally near the periphery of cell. |
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Confirmation of siderotic granules |
Confirmation of being iron (ferric Fe3+) bodies is demonstrated using Prussian blue stain. |
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Sideroblast |
Prussian blue stained nucleated erythrocytes that contain iron, regardless of maturation. |
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Ringed sideroblast |
Nucleated erythrocytes that have a cluster of iron granules around the nucleus. |
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Cabot rings |
Ring shaped or figure eight shaped structures; may represent micro tubules from mitosis or nuclear remnants. |
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What stain is used to demonstrate the reticulum of a polychromatophilic erythrocyte? |
Supravital stain - New Methylene Blue N. |
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What do reticulocytes reflect? |
Activity of bone marrow. |
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Heinz bodies |
Inclusions that represent denatured hemoglobin. May be one or more and usually seen bound to the membrane. |
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How do Heinz bodies appear in a Wright's stain? |
Darker areas within the cells. |
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How are Heinz bodies best demonstrated? |
By incubating cells in acetylphenylhydrazine, then stained with a supravital stain. |
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Hemoglobin C crystals |
Rod shaped or angular opaque structures within erythrocytes. |
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What do hemoglobin C crystals represent? |
Beta chains of Hgb A. |
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What can hemoglobin C crystals be induced with? |
Addition of 3% NaCl. |
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Hemoglobin SC crystals |
Often curved and have blunt ends. Often a chromophobic area between darker ends. |
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What does a reticulocyte contain? |
RNA |
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What does basophilic stippling contain? |
RNA. |
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What does a Howell jolly body contain? |
DNA. |
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What does a siderotic granule contain? |
Iron. |
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What does a Pappenheimer body contain? |
Iron. |
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What does a Heinz body contain? |
Denatured hemoglobin. |
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Stain used to see a reticulocyte |
New Methylene Blue N. |
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Stain used to see basophilic stippling |
All. |
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Stain used to see Howell Jolly body |
All. |
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Stain used to see siderotic granules |
Prussian blue. |
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Stain used to see Heinz bodies |
Crystal violet or brilliant cresyl blue. |
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Supravital stain |
Stain that is used when cells are still alive. |
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What morphology do you view on 10x? |
Rouleaux, agglutination, platelet clumps on edge, distribution of cells, and staining quality. |
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What morphology is viewed on 50x? |
If RBCs appear normal, no further evaluation needed. If abnormalities found, switch to 100x. |
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How many fields are viewed when doing differentials? |
10. |
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A minimum of ____________ cells should be observed when doing a differential. |
150-200. |
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Where should you view the blood slide? |
Where RBCs aren't touching. |
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Which cells are significant in high numbers? |
Micro/macro cytes, hypochromasia, target cells, burr cells, ovalocytes, and stomatocytes. |
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1+ cell count in high numbers |
10-50 or 5-25%. |
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2+ cell count in high numbers |
51-100 or 25-50%. |
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3+ cell count in high numbers |
100 or 50%. |
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1+ cell count in low numbers |
1-2 or up to 1%. |
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2+ cell count in low numbers |
2-5 or 1-2.5%. |
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3+ cell count in low numbers |
5 or 2.5%. |
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What morphology is reported if present? |
Cabot rings, malarial parasites, and hgb c crystals. |