(Ravilya_2_Gastro) Gatritis

Front 1

etiology

Back 1

Etiology. Gastritis is the term applied to describe inflammation, erosion, or damage of the
gastric lining that has not developed into an ulcer. Unlike ulcer disease, gastritis can be caused
by alcohol, as well as NSAIDs, Helicobacter, head trauma, burns, and mechanical ventilation.

Front 2

types of gastritis

Back 2

The type of gastritis from these factors is referred to as type B,which is by far the most common
type of gastritis. It is also associated with increased gastric acid production.
TypeA gastritis is from atrophy of the gastric mucosa and is associated with autoimmune processes,
such as vitamin B12 deficiency. TypeA is also linked to diminished gastric acid production
and achlorhydria.

Front 3

All patients with achlorhydria will have markedly elevated gastrin levels because

Back 3

All patients with achlorhydria will have markedly elevated gastrin levels because
acid inhibits gastrin release from G cells

Front 4

MALT

Back 4

MALT (mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue) leads to
metaplasia as well as possible dysplasia and then to gastric cancer

Front 5

clinica

Back 5

Clinical Presentation. Most patients with gastritis present with asymptomatic bleeding. When
the gastritis is severe and erosive, patients will have abdominal pain in the same area that
patients with ulcer disease feel theirs. Nausea and vomiting may also occur. The bleeding can
present either as hematemesis or melena.

Front 6

Diagnosis and Treatment.

Back 6

Diagnosis and Treatment. The diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter is the same as that for
gastritis (described for ulcer disease above). Vitamin B12 deficiency and pernicious anemia are
initially diagnosed with a low vitamin B12 level and an increased methylmalonic acid level. The
diagnosis of pernicious anemia is confirmed by the presence of antiparietal cell antibodies and
anti-intrinsic factor antibodies. It is treated with B12 replacement, as are all cases of vitamin
B12 deficiency.