Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
115 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Pain in groin + blood in urine + dehydration + hypercalciuria
|
Calcium oxalate stone
|
|
|
radiolucent stones + acidic urine
|
Uric acid + cystine
|
|
|
stones in UTI (proteus)
|
magnesium ammonium P stones
|
|
|
nephritic + urobilinogen + RBC casts + crescents
|
RPGN
|
|
|
Goodpasture causes
|
RPGN
|
|
|
non responsive to steroids
|
FS GN
|
|
|
Intermittent hematuria
|
IgA nephropathy
|
|
|
inc serum Ig + back pain + immunosuppression + recurrent infections + amyloid deposition
|
Multiple myeloma
|
|
|
Analgesics cause
|
Tubulointerstitial nephritis & papillary necrosis
|
|
|
wire loop thickening of glomerular capillaries
|
SLE
|
|
|
small, granular kidneys + sclerotic glomeruli + fibrotic interstitum + tubular atrophy + aterial thickening
|
End stage renal disease (HTN)
|
|
|
Ulcerated mass from uretrhat + bleeding + warty + older women
|
Squamous cell carcinoma
|
|
|
fluid filled cyst in kidney + severely dilated cystic kidney (UL)
|
Hydronephrosis
|
|
|
URI (days ago) + red-brown urine + recurring + nephritic syndrome
|
IgA nephropathy (Berger's)
|
|
|
Mesangial deposition
|
IgA nephropathy (Berger's)
|
|
|
Impetigo + dark brown urine + antisterptolysin O titer
|
Poststreptococcal GN
|
|
|
red urine + hematuria + abdominal pain + calcium oxalate stone
|
Idiopathic hypercalciuria
|
|
|
back pain + dark urine + R CVA tender + hematuria + polycythemia + UL tumor
|
Renal cell carcinoma
|
|
|
dark urine + BL hearing loss + corneal erosions + nephritic+ foam cells in tubules + BM attenuation + splitting/lamination of lamina densa
|
Alport syndrome
|
|
|
fever + maculopapular rash +nephritic + LE positive + eosinophils
|
Drug-induced interstitial nephritis
|
|
|
sulfonamides + penicillins + cephs + quinolones + anti-TB
|
Drug-induced interstitial nephritis
|
|
|
cimetidine, ranitidine, thiazides, loops, omeprazole, NSAIDS cause
|
Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis
|
|
|
dark stool + dark urine + scattered petechiae on extremities + thrombi in glomerular caps + food poisoning
|
HUS (E.coli O157:H7)
|
|
|
Child with nephrotic syndrome
|
Minimal change disease (lipoid nephrosis)
|
|
|
nephritic + glomerular hepercellularity + IgG granular deposition + C3 in BMs + subepithelial HUMPS
|
Postinfectious GN
|
|
|
nephritic + linear AB deposition
|
Goodpasture
|
|
|
nodular + diffuse glomerulosclerosis
|
Diabetic nephropathy
|
|
|
cant pee + nasty looking bladder
|
Prostatic enlargement
|
|
|
DBM nephropathy + dysuria + suprapubic pain + hematuria + soft, yellow, raised mucosal plaques + foamy macs + mineralized concretions (Michaelis-Gutman bodies)
|
Malacoplakia
|
|
|
Causes of malacoplakia?
|
E. coli & proteus
|
|
|
Causes of acute cystitis?
|
E.coli
|
|
|
Painless hematuria + older adult + fever/weakness
|
Renal cell carcinoma
|
|
|
NSAIDS?
|
reduce GFR
|
|
|
Renal stenosis + ibuprofen + decreased urine output
|
Renal aterial atheroscleerosis (losing PG's)
|
|
|
Chronic inflammation and bladder scarring
|
schistosomiasis
|
|
|
Aldosteroe?
|
reduced sodium excretion
|
|
|
Fever + pain + temp + LE positive + PMN's + WBC casts
|
UTI => E.coli
|
|
|
Sterile pyuria?
|
TB
|
|
|
microalbinuria + <3 g protein
|
Nodular/ diffuse glomerulosclerosis
|
|
|
C3 nephritic factor in?
|
Type II membranoproliferative disease (dense deposit)
|
|
|
Hepatitis B in?
|
Membranous glomerulonephritis
|
|
|
Pregnant + oligohydramnios + liver cysts + stillborn + pulmonary hypoplasia
|
ARPKD
|
|
|
Mutated PKHD2 gene (fibrocystin) in child?
|
ARPKD
|
|
|
mutated PKD1 and 2 gene mutations for polycystin in adult?
|
ADPKD
|
|
|
MC cystic disease in babies?
|
Multicystic dysplastic kidney
|
|
|
LE/ nitrite positive + shrunken kdineys + asymmetrical + surface scars + blunted calyxes
|
Chronic pyelonephritis (from reflux)
|
|
|
BL shrunken granular kidneys?
|
Chronic GN; benign nephrosclerosis; SLE
|
|
|
GAS + fever/rash + nephritic
|
Ampicillin inudced interstitial nephritis
|
|
|
tender mass + hematuria + child
|
Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma)
|
|
|
Tuberous sclerosis?
|
Angiolipomas
|
|
|
tumors that are <1cm and incidiental finding
|
medullary fibroma
|
|
|
clear cell, papillary, chromophobe?
|
Renal cell carcinoma
|
|
|
Defective glomerular BM?
|
hereditary nephritis
|
|
|
Connection from bladder to umbilicus
|
Persistant urachus
|
|
|
Failure of bladder muscle formation or outlet obsturction
|
Congenital diverticula
|
|
|
Failure of lower abdominal wall to develop?
|
Exstrophy
|
|
|
Steroid responsive proteinuria + child
|
Minimal change disease (lipoid nephrosis)
|
|
|
neprhotic + no steroid relief + thick BM + granular IF
|
Idiopathic membranous glomerulopathy
|
|
|
Linear strations radiating into renal papillae + cystic dilation (BL)
|
Medullary sponge kidney
|
|
|
Eccentric lesion in upper pole of kidney
|
Simple cyst of kidney
|
|
|
Proteus causes?
|
Triple phosphate crystals => staghorn
|
|
|
E.coli + glucosuria
|
Necrotizing papillitis & papillary necrosis
|
|
|
nephrotic + IF granular
|
Membranous glomerulopathy
|
|
|
AIDS?
|
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (often collapsing)
|
|
|
MI + decreased urine output
|
ATN
|
|
|
expsure to aniline dyes (napthylamine)
|
bladder cancer
|
|
|
Radiation or cyclophosphamide?
|
Hemorrhagic cystitis
|
|
|
Klebsiella infection in kidney + uncontrolled DBM
|
Nodular/ diffuse glomerulosclerosis
|
|
|
arthralgia + myalgia + red-brown urine + malar skin rash + ANA/dsDNA positive
|
SLE nephritis
|
|
|
Myoglobinuria?
|
Severe crush injurys or rhabdomyolysis
|
|
|
Recurrent UTIs cause?
|
Chronic pyelo
|
|
|
Sexually active man + WBCs in urine?
|
urethritis ( chlamydia)
|
|
|
What kills someone with ADPKD?
|
Berry anyeurism
|
|
|
BL symettric small kidneys, no masses + healthy female?
|
Chronic GN
|
|
|
Linear IF + young male
|
Goodpastures
|
|
|
Friction rub + diffuse proliferative GN
|
SLE nephritis
|
|
|
small kidneys + finely granular + hyaline
|
Hyaline artheriolosclerosis (benign HTN)
|
|
|
Dilated tubules with amorphous blue/pink casts + multinucleated giant cells
|
Cast nephropathy
|
|
|
UL enlarged kidney + calyceal enlargement + cortical thinning + inflammatory infitrates + destruction/fibrosis
|
Chronic pyelonephritis (from reflux)
|
|
|
Staph aureus (IV drug use) causes?
|
Infective endocarditis => emboli => coagulative necrosis => wedgeshaped infarcts
|
|
|
previous breast cancer + bone pain + SIADH
|
Metastatic disease causes nephrocalcinosis
|
|
|
Cresent in a man
|
Rapidly progressive GN
|
|
|
AML + red urine
|
Hyperuricemia and uric acid stones
|
|
|
Bence Jones proteinuria?
|
Multiple myeloma
|
|
|
Sinusitis + lung infiltrates + CANCA + crescents + granulomatous vascultitis
|
Wegener granulomatosis (RPGN)
|
|
|
HTN + oxalate crystals + TIA
|
Hyaline artheriolosclerosis (benign HTN)
|
|
|
Diffuse scarring and shrinking of kidneys?
|
Hyaline artheriolosclerosis (benign HTN)
|
|
|
BL papilledema + headache/nausea/vomiting
|
Necrotizing arteriolitis & hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis (malignant htn)
|
|
|
child + nephrotic + no response to steroids
|
Focal segmental glomeruloscerlosis
|
|
|
What factor is most important for pyelonephritis?
|
Acquired / congenital vesicourteral reflux
|
|
|
Elevated D-dimer + schistocytes
|
HUS
|
|
|
Seeing spots + headache/nausea/vomiting
|
Myglobinemia => myoglobinuria => acute toxic tubular necrosis
|
|
|
Sessile, firable mass in bladder wall
|
Urothelial carcinoma
|
|
|
Tumor that invades renal vein + clear cytoplasm?
|
Clear cell carcinoma (VHL gene mutations)
|
|
|
Hypercholesterolemia?
|
Minimal change disease
|
|
|
Hodgkin lymphoma?
|
Minimal change disease
|
|
|
Hyperuricemia?
|
Blood cancers (urate nephropathy)
|
|
|
3 types of RPGN?
|
1) anti-GBM; 2) IC disease; 3) pauci-immune
|
|
|
IC RPGN?
|
SLE, HS purpura, infections
|
|
|
Type 3 RPGN (pauci-immune)?
|
Wegeners, microscopic polyangiitis
|
|
|
Anti-GBM RPGN?
|
Goodpasture
|
|
|
Waxy casts?
|
Dilated, damaged tubules
|
|
|
WBC casts?
|
Acute pyelonephritis
|
|
|
RBC & RBC Casts?
|
Crescentic GN
|
|
|
Fibrinoid necrosis?
|
Malignant HTN]
|
|
|
Increased cells in urine sediment?
|
Interstitial nephritis
|
|
|
Ischemic ATN causes?
|
Segmental tubular necrosis
|
|
|
Sclerosis of many glomeruli with no clear cause?
|
Chronic GN
|
|
|
BM thick + electorn dense deposits?
|
Membranous GN
|
|
|
Hypercellular Glom + inflitration of PMNS?
|
Postinfectious GN
|
|
|
Hypercellular glom + electorn dense deposits along lamina densa + C3 nephritic
|
Type II membranoproliferative disease (dense deposit)
|
|
|
MET gene mutation on chromosome 7?
|
Papillary renal cell carcinoma
|
|
|
Hipanic + corticosteroid resistant hematuria & proteinuria?
|
FSGS
|
|
|
MCC of nephrotic syndrome in uS?
|
FSGS
|
|
|
Mutated nephrin/podocin cause?
|
FSGS
|
