Raphael: The School Of Athens

Front 1

Atmospheric and linear perspective

Back 1

Two major artisitc innovations which greatly aided the cause of naturalism in two dimensional art:

Front 2

Filippo Brunelleschi

Back 2

Inventor of linear perspective during the Renaissance; this man also provided the solution to doming the cathedral in Florence

Front 3

Eucled and Ptolemy

Back 3

Which two great thinkers inspired Brunelleschi to develop linear perspective:

Front 4

Horizon line, vanishing point, and orthogonal lines

Back 4

3 elements of linear perspective:

Front 5

Leon Battista Alberti and On Painting

Back 5

Linear perspective was not formally systemized until ____ wrote an artists' manual explaining the process in his 1436 text _____.

Front 6

Aerial perspective

Back 6

Another name for atmospheric perspective

Front 7

Atmospheric perspective

Back 7

Technique of suggesting depth within a painting by depicting distant objects in softer focus, with less detail and paler colors

Front 8

Landscape

Back 8

Atmospheric perspective was particularly effective in _____ views.

Front 9

Linear perspective

Back 9

Technique for representing three-dimensional objects by means of intersecting lines that radiate from one point

Front 10

Northern Renaissance and 15th century

Back 10

When and wherew was atmospheric perspective first widely used?

Front 11

Fresco painting

Back 11

What was a mjor element in the early Italian Renaissance art?

Front 12

Fresco

Back 12

A type of mural or wall painting in which the artist directly paints onto wet plaster

Front 13

Durability

Back 13

Advantage of fresco painting:

Front 14

Palace at Knossos

Back 14

Particular location on the island of Crete during the Minoan period where fresco painting was widely used

Front 15

India and Mexico

Back 15

Many frescoes were also found in these two countries:

Front 16

Mexican Muralists and the Works Progress Administration

Back 16

Two examples of more recent fresco use:

Front 17

Buon fresco

Back 17

Name for true fresco

Front 18

Spolvero

Back 18

Bag of chalk or ash that is hit along the drawing to serve as a design guide

Front 19

Intonaco

Back 19

A thin layer of fine wet lime plaster that is applied to the area that will be worked on

Front 20

Giornata

Back 20

Area where the intonaco is placed; "days works"

Front 21

Dry fresco

Back 21

Painting onto the surface of a dry plaster wall; fresco a secco

Front 22

Urbino and 1483

Back 22

Where and what year was Rafael born?

Front 23

12 and Perugino

Back 23

Raphael's formal artistic career began at age ___ in the workshop of ____.

Front 24

Florence

Back 24

Raphael went to work in ____ at 1504 where he painted many of his famous Virgin and Child images.

Front 25

Julius II

Back 25

Raphael was called to Rome by ____ in 1508 to help decorate the Pope's appartments.

Front 26

Architect

Back 26

Raphael is also known for his work as a(n) _____.

Front 27

Donato Bramante and The Vatican

Back 27

Raphael succeeded ___ as the chief architect of ____ in 1514.

Front 28

37

Back 28

Raphael died at only ____ years old.

Front 29

1524

Back 29

Raphael's contribution to the papal chambers was completed in ___, four years after his death.

Front 30

Giorgio Vasari and Stanza della Segnatura

Back 30

____ identified the room where the School of Athens is housed as the ____ because it was where the Pope singed important documents.

Front 31

Julius II's personal library

Back 31

When Raphael began his decorations, the Stanza della Segnatura functioned as this:

Front 32

Philosophy and Theology

Back 32

The two larger frescoes ____ and ___ were located on the longer walls.

Front 33

Law and Poetry

Back 33

The two shorter walls held the two smaller frescoes: ____ and ___.

Front 34

Jurisprudence

Back 34

Law is now known as:

Front 35

Parnassus

Back 35

Poetry is now known as:

Front 36

The Disputa

Back 36

Theology is now known as:

Front 37

The School of Athens

Back 37

Philosophy is now known as:

Front 38

Famous Men

Back 38

All four of Raphael's frescoes are based on the ____ prototype.

Front 39

Famous Men prototype

Back 39

A group of important individuals together within a unified space

Front 40

Duke of Urbino's Studiolo and Collegio del Cambio in Perugia

Back 40

Two examples of the Famous Men prototype that Raphael may have known:

Front 41

A plaza filled with all of the known philosophers and scientists of the ancient world

Back 41

Basic description of the School of Athens:

Front 42

Coffered barrel vaults

Back 42

Three ____ show the classical inspiration of the School of Athens.

Front 43

Apollo and Athena

Back 43

The two flanking figures in the School of Athens; the patron gods of the arts and wisdom

Front 44

Linear perspective

Back 44

The architecture is clearly organized using _____.

Front 45

Orthogonal lines

Back 45

_____ run through the vaulting as well as the stonework of the flooring.

Front 46

Atmospheric perspective

Back 46

_____ can be seen in the gradual lightening of the blue in the sky as the space recedes.

Front 47

Plato and Aristotle

Back 47

At the center of the fresco we see ___ and ___.

Front 48

Plato

Back 48

___ is seen on the left center, bald and with a long gray beard.

Front 49

Aristotle

Back 49

____ is on the right with darker hair and beard.

Front 50

Ethics and Timaeus

Back 50

Aristotle holds ___ while Plato holds ____.

Front 51

Left and right

Back 51

In the fresco, philosophers concerned with the ultimate mysteries transcending the world are on the ___ while those concerned with nature and the affairs of men are on the ___.

Front 52

Euclid

Back 52

In the right foreground, ___ is seen holding calipers and demonstrating a theorem for a group of students.

Front 53

Pythagoras

Back 53

____ is seated and writing at the lower left while a young figure holds up the image of a harmonic scale

Front 54

Diogenes

Back 54

The Cynic philosopher ___ is seen sprawled on the steps toward the center of the painting.

Front 55

Socrates

Back 55

___ is seen in the group at the base of the Apollo statue.

Front 56

Bramante

Back 56

It has been suggested that the Euclid figure is a portrait of the architect ___.

Front 57

Michelangelo and Heraclitus

Back 57

The foreground figure who glumly rests his head on his hand is possibly a representation of ___ in the guise of the philosopher ____.

Front 58

Raphael

Back 58

At the extreme right we see ___ looking out at the viewer.