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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Active Free Range of Motion
What does it involve and how is client positioned? |
Client seated when testing, elderly loss of 20 degrees
Client will actively perform these actions: Forward flexion; Extension Sidebending a.k.a lateral flexion; Rotation |
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Forward flexion
What degrees is normal? How to perform AFROM test? |
70-90 degrees normal = 2 fingers space between chest and chin.
Client nod head to reverse lordotic curve then chin to chest |
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Extension
What degrees is normal? Movement occurs where? How to perform AFROM test? |
70 degrees normal
Movement occurs at facets and antlanto-occipital joint Client mouth closed, extends neck & head backwards = normal is when nose and forehead are on horizontal plane. |
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Sidebending/lateral flexion
What degrees is normal? Movement occurs where? How to perform AFROM test? |
20-50 degrees normal
Movement is between atlanto-occipital joint and C1, C2 Client bends head and neck towards the shoulder |
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Rotation
What degrees is normal? Movement occurs where? How to perform AFROM test? |
70-90 degrees normal
Movement occurs between the atlas and axis Client rotates head and neck to the side |
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Passive Range of Motion
What does it involve and how is client positioned? |
Client will be supine and relaxed = ROM is increased due to the disengaging of postural cervical muscles
Therapist holds clients head and will perform these actions without the assistance of the client: Forward flexion; Extension Sidebending a.k.a lateral flexion; Rotation |
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Resisting Isometric Testing
What does it involve and how is client positioned? |
Client will be seated or supine =
Client will perform these actions and therapist will add resistance to each action; clients head always remains in neutral position. Forward flexion; Extension; shoulder shrugs (levator scap); Sidebending a.k.a lateral flexion; Side rotation combined with shoulder shrug (upper traps) |
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Grades of muscle testing
How many grades and what do consist of? |
5 grades
1. Visible or palpable contraction with no motion=Trace 2. Full ROM gravity eliminated = Poor 3. Full ROM against gravity = Fair 4. Full ROM against gravity, moderate resistance = good 5. Full ROM against gravity, maximal resistance =normal |
