Random E4

Front 1

most commonly studied yeast strains (completely seq genome)

Back 1

S. cerevisiae and S.pombe

Front 2

3 problems in trying to target cancer cells:

Back 2

1) lack of distinguishing properties-- many drugs are too non-specific to be helpful; 2) immune invisibility 3) development of resistance

Front 3

3 main purposes of antimets as chemo drugs:

Back 3

1) block synthesis of DNA precursors, 2) block DNA synthesis, 3) block replication

Front 4

4 major mechanisms of action:

Back 4

1) competitive inhibition of enzymes needed to synthesize DNA precursors 2) pseudo-feedback inhibitors of these pathways 3) inhibitors of DNA polymerase 4) intercalating agents

Front 5

6 considerations in antimet efficacy:

Back 5

1) cellular uptake 2) activation 3) specificity 4) toxicity 5) rate of degradation 6) development of resistance

Front 6

sequinivir is a ______

Back 6

HIV protease inhibitor

Front 7

fuzeon is _____ that targets the protein ______

Back 7

HIV fusion inhibitor, gp41

Front 8

gleevec targets a constitutively active _____ that results in _______ signaling as a result of translocation and fusion of the _____ gene; it is used as a therapy for ____

Back 8

kinase, GF-independent, bcr-abl; CML

Front 9

influenza neuroamidase removes ____ cell-surface receptors

Back 9

sialic acid

Front 10

inhibitors of one-carbon of metabolism should block

Back 10

purine synth and dTMPsynth

Front 11

methotrexate is an analog of _____; it is a competitive inhibitor of __________, thus, it lowers intracellular ______ which reduces ________ and _______

Back 11

folic acid; DHF reductase; 1-C derivatives; purine de novo synth and thymine synthase activity

Front 12

6-MP is an inhibitor of ________; it is activated to _____ by ______; it works by _____ and ____; resistance develops if there is decreased ______ (less activation) or increased degradation via TPMT or ________ activity

Back 12

de novo purine synth; activated to T-IMP by HGPRTase; feedback inhibition of PPRP amdiotransferase, inhibiting binding of IMP; HGPRTase, xanthine oxidase

Front 13

______ is an inhibitor of DNA synthesis that is an analog of UMP/dUMP; it is a competitive inhibitor of _______ and is usually given in conjunction with ____, which repopulates the THF pool but also increases dFUMP inhibition

Back 13

5-FU, thymidylate synthase, leucovorin,

Front 14

mechanisms of resistance to 5-FU include: 1) increased ability of _______ to discrimiate btw dUMP and dFUMP; 2) overexpression of _____; 3) increased levels of dihydripyramidine dehydrogenase, which _________

Back 14

thymidylate synthase; thymidylate synthase; degrades dFUMP

Front 15

cytosine arabinoside is an inhibitor of ______; it is an analog of ____ and therefore a competitive inhibitor of ______

Back 15

DNA synth; dCTP; DNA synth

Front 16

Gemcitobire is a weak inhibitor of _______

Back 16

DNA polymerase

Front 17

HER2 is a member of the HER family of which also includes ______; in patients whose tumors show HER2 gene amp, ______, a __________, can be used to slow cell proliferation

Back 17

RTKs, EGFR; Herceptin, a monoclonal antibody

Front 18

_______ is an EGRF receptor antagonist; indications for use are in:

Back 18

Tamoxifen; post-menopausal women with ER-positive cancer

Front 19

To create conditional mutant mouse models, international initiatives have been coordinated to take advantage of ________ recombination.

Back 19

Cre/LoxP