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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Antibiotics that have their bioavailability decreased by cations.
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Fluoroquinolones
Doxycyline |
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Cipro SE
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Tendonitis
Photosensitivity Cardiac arrhythmias |
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Metronidazole SE
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Inhibits acetaldehyde dehydrogenase.
Peripheral neuropathy. |
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Distribution for ABs that target NA
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Fluoroquinolones can't get to CNS.
Everything else can. |
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Sulfonamide and Trimethoprim SE
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Hypersensitivity (Stevens- Johnson)
Crystalluria CI in late pregnancy (competes with bili for albumin) Hemolytic anemia in G6PD |
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Penicillins side effects
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Hypersensitivity
GI irritation Superinfection CNS excitiability with very high levels |
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What's Nafcillin best for?
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Non-MRSA staph
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What's Piperacillin best for?
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Pseudomonas
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Cephalosporin SE
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Hypersensitivity
Nephrotoxic Superinfection Cefotetan- hypothrombinemia, EtOH interactions |
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Imipenem uses
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Polymicrobial, multidrug resistance, Pseudomonas
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Imipenem side effects
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Hypersensitivity with PCNs
Nephrotoxic High levels in epileptics with renal failure --> decreased valproate and seizures |
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Aztreonam indication
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Pseudomonas
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Aztreonam side effects
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Least likely to react with penicillins
Injection site irritation |
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Vancomycin bioavailability
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Oral is poor- use for GI infection
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Vancomycin SE
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Enhances ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity of other drugs
"Red man" syndrome from histamine release |
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Bacitracin SE
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V. nephrotoxic- hence the topical use
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Daptomycin SE
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Myopathy
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Gentamicin/ aminoglycoside mech
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Binds 30S subunit to give multiple translation defects. Abnormal proteins damage membrane.
Also prevents normal movement at start codon. |
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What's weird about gentamicin?
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Kidney metabolism
Bactericidal Concentration dependent killing |
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Gentamicin SE
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Due to being mt poison
Nephrotoxicity Ototoxicity Vestibular toxicity Neuromuscular junction block- avoid with myasthenia gravis |
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Chloramphenicol indications
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Rickettsias, anaerobes, typhoid fever
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Chloramphenicol adverse effects
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GI superinfection
Hemolysis in G6PD Idiopathic aplastic anemia Dose-dependent bone marrow suppression Grey baby syndrome- P450 inhibitor |
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Clindamycin adverse effects
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Diarrhea
C. diff Thrombocytopenia and agranulocytosis NM junction block at high doses |
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Macrolide/ ketolide SE
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Cardiac arrhythmias
Hepatotoxicity (Telithromycin/ Ketek) |
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Linezolid mechanism
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Binds P site on 50S to prevent assembly of 70S
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Linezolid use
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MRSA, VRE, drug resistant strep
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Linezolid SE
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Thrombocytopenia
Neutropenia |
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Quinupristin/ dalfopristin mech
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Gr A promotes Gr B binding
Together inh peptide bond formation by binding 50S |
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Streptogramins SE
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Arthralgia/ myalgias
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Tetracycline mech
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Binds 30S subunit to prevent tRNA binding
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Tetracycline SE
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GI distress
Photosensitivity Superinfections Discolors teeth |
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Tetracycline resistance
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Ribosomal protection proteins
Efflux pumps Tigecycline less suceptible |
