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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sexuality
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The set of beliefs, values, and behaviors by which one defines oneself as a sexual being
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Sex
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Being biologically male or female; also, sexual activity or behavior
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Incest Taboo
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The nearly universal societal prohibition of intercourse between parents and children and between siblings
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DINS Dilemma
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Inhibited or hypoactive sexual desire in couples with many demands on their time. DINS stands for double income, no sex.
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Gender Identity
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A person's internal sense of being female or male, which is expressed in personality and behavior
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Gender Role
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The traits and behaviors assigned to males or females by a culture
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Gender-Role Stereotype
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A rigid, simplistic belief about the distinctive psychological characteristics and behavioral patterns attributable to a man or woman based exclusively on sex
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Masculinity
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A gender-linked constellation of personality traits and behvioral patterns traditionally associated with males in a society
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Feminity
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A gender-linked constellation of personality traits and behvioral patterns traditionally associated with females in a society
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Androgeny
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A blending of traditionally masculine and traditionally feminine personality characteristics and role behaviors in one person; the absence of sex-typing with regard to roles
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Gender-Polarization
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The organizing of social life according to male and female gender-role distinctions
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Equalitarian Roles
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Social equaluty between the sexes; equal sharing of practical responsibilities and decision making by men and women
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Social Learning Theory
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A psychological theory of development that focuses on learning through observation, imitation, and reinforcement
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Cognitive Development Theory
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A model of child development that views growth as the mastery of specific ways of perceiving, thinking, and doing; growth occurs at discrete stages
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Power
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The ability of an individual in a social system to change the behavior of other members of the system through will, influence, or control
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Family Power
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The ability of one family member to change the behavior of other family members
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Resource Theory of Family Power
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A theory that the balance of power in a marriage is related to the relative resources (especially money, level of education, and occupational prestige) each spouse has in the relationship
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Husband-Dominant Power Pattern
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A power pattern in a marriage in which the man is the boss
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Wife-Dominant Power Pattern
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A power pattern in a marriage in which the woman is the boss
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Syncratic Power Pattern
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A power pattern in a marriage in which both partners share authoirty euqually and make decisions jointly
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Autonomic Power Pattern
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A power pattern in a marriage in which both partners have about equal authority but in different areas of life; both make decisions in their particular domains independent of each other
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Symmetrical Interaction
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A style of communication in which partners send similar messages designed to control how the relationship is defined
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Competitive Symmetry
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A style of communication in which partners attempt to control the situation and the other by escalating the level of hostilities in a competitive nature
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Submissive Symmetry
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A style of communication in which each participant tries to give control of the situation and responsibility for it, to the other
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Neutralized Symmetry
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A style of communication in which partners respect each other, approach each other as equals, and avoid exerting control over each other
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Complementary Interaction
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A style of communication in which the partners adopt two different tactics: one is dominant and one is submissive
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Goals
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Specific, achievable objectives or purposes
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Personal Coping Resources
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Qualities that help people deal with stressors across the life cycle, such as an individual's self-esteem and mastery
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Family Coping Resources
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Resources of a healthy family system on wich the family can draw in times of stress, including cohesion, adaptability, and a willingness to adopt nontraditional family roles in the face of changing exonomic circumstances
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Saver
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A person whose money-handeling style is characterized by compulsive saving, often to the point of having little money free for the essentials
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Spender
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A person whose money-handling stype is characterized by a love of purchasing items for herself or himself as well as for others
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Resources
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Assets that can be used to achieve goals; economic, human, and environmental tools
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Values
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Personal, lasting, deeply held basic beliefs about what is good, desirabl, and important in life
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Budgeting
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The regular, systematic balancing of income and expenses
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Bankruptcy
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The state of being financially insolvent or unable to pay one's bills
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Passion Cluster
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One of two groups of characteristics that distinguish romantic relationships from friendships; includes fascination, sexual desire, and exclusiveness
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Caring Cluster
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One of two groups of characterics that distinguish romantic relationships from friendships; includes being an advocate for one's partner and giving the utmost
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Commitment
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Attachment to another. One of the six major qualities identified by researchers wrking within the family strengths framework; also, the cognitive component of Sternberg's three dimensions of love
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Intimacy
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Sharing intellectually, physically, and/or emotionally with another person; the emotional component of Sternberg's three dimensions of love
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Passion
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Intense physiolocial arousal; the motivational component of Sternberg's three dimensions of love
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Non-Love
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A type of love relationship characterized by the absence of commitment, intimacy, and passion
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Liking
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A type of love relationship characterized by intimacy but lacking passion and commitment
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Infatuation
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A type of love relationship characterized by passion and lacking both intimacy and commitment
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Empty Love
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A type of love relationship involving commitment but no passion of intimacy
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Romantic Love
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A type of love relationship characterized by intimacy and passion but lacking commitment
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Fatuous Love
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A type of love relationship in whcih commitment is based on passion but in which there has not yet been time to develop true intimacy
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Companionate Love
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A type of love relationship characterized by commitment and intimacy but lacking intense passion; common between partners who have been together for many years
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Consummate Love
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A type of love relationship characterized by commitment, intimacy, and passion
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Jealously
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The condition of being resentful and suspicious of a rival
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Intimate Experience
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An experience in which one feels close to another or shares oneself in one area of life, such as intellectually, socially, emotionally, or sexually
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Intimate Relationship
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A partnership involving an emotional bond between two people, with proven mutual commitment and trust, that provides personal and relationship security and rewards; a relationship in which one shares intimate experiences in several areas of life over time, with expectations that this sharing will continue
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ENRICH
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A comprehensive marital inventory containing 125 questions in categories that are relevant to married couples and their satisfaction with their relationship. ENRICH = ENriching Relationship Issues, Communication, and Happiness
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Destructive Intimacy Games
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Games that reduce intimacy because people are often unaware of the game, do not volutarily participate, and are often manipulated to behave in certain ways
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Zero-Sum Game
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A game in which one side's margin victory equals the other side's margin of defeat, producing a final sum of zero; what one person wins, the other loses
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Constructive Intimacy Games
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Games, or exercises, designed to increase intimacy in a relationship; people participate oluntarily, and they know the rules and goals of the game
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Singlehood
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The state of being unmarried, divorced, or unattached to another person
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Parent Arranged Marriage
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A pracrice, common in non-industrialized societies, in which the parents of the bride and groom select the future spouse and arrange the marriage ceremony. Based on the priciple that the elders in a community have the wisdom to select an appropriate spouse, this type of marriage generally extends existing family units rather than creating new units
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Dating
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A form of coutship involving a series of appointed meetings for social interaction and activities during which a exclusive relationship may evolve between two people
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Permissiveness
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The extent to which couples are physically intimate before marriage
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Double Standard
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Different standards of appropriate sexual and social behavior for the two sexes; the belief that premarital is more acceptable for males than for females
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Mating Gradient
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The tendency of women to marry men who are better educated or more successful than they are
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Sex Ratio
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The relationship between the number of men and the number of women at a given age
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Endogamy
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The practice of choosing a mate from within one's own ethnic, religious, socioeconomic, or general age group
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Homogamy
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The tendency to marry someone of the same ethnic group, educational level, socioeconomic status, religion, and values
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Complementary Needs Theory
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The supposition that people are attracted to partners whose personalities differ from but complement their own. Family researchers have not found much support for this theory
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Propinquity
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Nearness in time or place; in mate selection, the tendency to choose someone who is geographically nearby
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Rapport
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The process of communication in which two people develop understanding and a sense of closeness
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Linus Blanket
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A type of cohabitating relationship in which one of the partners is so dependent or insecure that he or she prefers a relationship with anyone to being alone
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Emancipation
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A type of cohaiting relationship based on the desire to bresk free of parental values and influence rather than on love
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Convenience
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A type of cohabiting relationship in which one partner takes and the other gives. A relationship of convenience is usually based on sexual, caretaking, economic, or social needs rather than on love
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Testing
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A type of cohabiting relationship undertaken as a trial in a situation closely resembling marriage
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Palimony
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"Equitable relief" (alimony) granted by a ourt to a cohabiting partner; legal precendent established in Marvin v. Marvin (19790
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PREPARE
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A comprehensive premarital inventory that asesses a couple's relationship and determines how idealistic or realistic each person is in regard to marriage, how well a couple resolves conflicts and financial issues; acronym for PRE-marital, Personal, And, Relationship, Evaluation
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Family of Origin
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The family in which a pewrson is raised during childhood
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Vitalized Couple
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A type of premarital and married couple characterized by many couple strengths, high marital satisfaction, and a low risk of divorce
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Harmonious Couple
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A type of premarital and married couple characterized by many couple strengths, relationship statisfaction, and a low risk of divorce
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Traditional Couple
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A type of premarital and married couple characterized by some external strengths (such as religion and friends) but fewerinternal strengths (such as communication and conflict-resolution skills)
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Conflicted Couple
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A type of premarital and married couple characterized by few relationship strengths, low levels of relationship satisfaction, and a high risk of divorce
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Devitalized Couple
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The unhappiest type of married couple; characterized by few couple strengths and the highest risk for divorce
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Community Marriage Policy
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Designed to bring clergy members, judges, marital therapists, and others together to support a variety of premarital and marital enrichment programs to help improve marriages
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