Radiology2-Exam1-Tyndall-Rebecca

Front 1

Back 1

Hypophosphatasia.

Front 2

Back 2

Hypophosphatasia:
Mandible and maxilla - generalized radiolucency, cortex thin, alveolus deficient
Lamina dura thin
The deciduous teeth (usually anterior) shed early. enamel cap thin and/or hypoplastic. Large pulp chambers and root canals large.

Front 3

Back 3

Renal Osteodystrophy:
- radiographic appearance: long bones, erosion of cortex
-Calvarium: Granular density
-Mandible and maxilla - generalized density

Front 4

Back 4

Renal Osteodystrophy:
- radiographic appearance: long bones, erosion of cortex
-Calvarium: Granular density
-Mandible and maxilla - generalized density

Front 5

Back 5

Renal Osteodystrophy

Front 6

Back 6

Renal Osteodystrophy:
- This panoramic image reveals areas of radiolucency corresponding to loss of bone mass, loss of distinct lamina dura, and a sclerotic bone pattern around the roots of the teeth.

Front 7

Back 7

Renal Osteodystrophy: This panoramic image reveals a diffuse sclerotic (radiopaque) bone pattern throughout the jaws. Note the loss of a distinct inferior cortex of the mandible resulting from an increase in radiopacity of the internal aspect of the aspect of the bone.

Front 8

Back 8

Simple Rickets:
- Mandible deformed
- Cyrpts of teeth and lamina dura attenuated
-Hypoplasia of enamel
-Delayed eruption and eruption in usual order

Front 9

Back 9

Hypophosphatemia:
- low level of phosphorus in the blood
- Refractory to treatment, resultant rickets severe
- Pronounced interglobular dentin
Cause:
- High renal clearance of phosphate
- Results in osteoporotic bone

Front 10

Back 10

Hypophosphatemia:
- Bone very porotic
- Lamina dura absent or attenuated
- Crypts thin
- Premature loss of teeth
- enamel caps thin
- Pulp canals wide

Back 11

Hypophosphatemia:
- Bone very porotic
- Lamina dura absent or attenuated
- Crypts thin
- Premature loss of teeth
- enamel caps thin
- Pulp canals wide

Front 12

Back 12

???

Front 13

Back 13

Letter Siwe Disease
- The skull shows multiple areas of radiolucency with irregular outlines
- there is saucer-shaped destruction of alveolar process
-The teeth become unsupported by bone.
- There are multiple lesions.

Front 14

Back 14

Eosinophilic Granuloma:
- usually in adolescents and young adults
- prognosis is good
- A radiolucency with an irregular outline (similar to malignancy) in the body of the bone, and sometimes in the alveolus
- lesion is usually single
- a depositio nof periosteal new bone, usually in the form of a thin line.

Front 15

Back 15

Hyperadrenalism: Cushing's Syndrome
- many distinctive clinical changes
- Radiographic Appearance: generalized osteoporosis
- loss of the lamina dura in isolated areas

Front 16

Back 16

Hyperparathyroidism:
The radiographic signs may precede the clinical signs.
Radiographic Appearance: There can be generalized and localized manifestations.

Front 17

Back 17

Hyperparathyroidism: Example of a Brown Tumor

Front 18

Back 18

Hypeparathyroidism:
- The skull shows areas of radiopacity in the region of the basal ganglion.
- Increased density of radiopacity in the mandible and maxilla. Rarely there is increased radiolucency.
- Hypoplasia of the enamel
- Late eruption
- Dilaceration
- Muliple External Resorption
- "Beaten Silver" appearance in Calvarium

Front 19

Back 19

Hypothyroidism:
Fontanelles late closing
Wormian bones
General Osteoporosis
Mandible and maxilla small
Thinning of lamina dura
delayed eruption
short roots

Front 20

Back 20

Acromegaly:
- An example of acromegaly manifesting as excessive growth of the mandible, resulting in a Class III skeletal relationship of the jaws.
- A portion of a lateral skull view of the same patient demonstrating enlargement of the sella turcica.

Front 21

Back 21

Agranulocytsis: osteoporotic pattern in bone, granular pattern in bone, loss of lamina dura,slight loss of bone outside the lamina dura.

Front 22

Back 22

Sickle Cell Anemia:
* Children seldom affected
* Skeleton affected more than the jaws
* Skull thickens

Front 23

Back 23

Sickle Cell Anemia
- "Hair-end-end" calvarium
- Mandible and maxilla large bone marrow spaces
- Vertebrae narrow biconcave
- Long bones show osteoporosis, periosteal new bone, and areas of sclerosis

Front 24

Back 24

Sickle Cell Anemia

Front 25

Back 25

Thalessemia:
- Distinctive radiographic signs: the marrow spaces are larger than in other anemias

Front 26

Back 26

Thalassemia Radiographic Appearance of the skull:
- very thick, especially in frontal region
- inner plate clearly defined
- granular pattern
- rarely striation in calvarium (hair-on-end)
- Maxillary sinuses small

Front 27

Back 27

Thalassemia
- Premaxilla is prominent
- large bone marrow spaces
- trabeculae large and coarse
- usually overall porosity
- Cortex is thin, especially in the region of the angle
- lamina dura thin
- crypts thin and separated from teeth
SOMETIMES THE ROOTS ARE SHORT.

Front 28

Back 28

Radiographic Appearance of the skull:
- very thick, especially in frontal region
- inner plate clearly defined
- granular pattern
- rarely striation in calvarium (hair-on-end)
- Maxillary sinuses small

Front 29

Back 29

Lymphoma
-Osteolytic Lesions
- Diffuse Radiolucency in the alveolar bone

Front 30

Back 30

Lymphoma CT Appearance.

Front 31

Back 31

Multiple Myeloma:
- multiple punched-out radiolucencies
- widely disseminated throughout the skeleton
- occasionally vertical bone deposition will occur producing a "sunburst" pattern

Front 32

Back 32

Metastatic Diseases of the Jaw

Front 33

Back 33

CBCT Signs of Osteoporosis
- Thinned cortical borders
- "Pitting" of cortical bone
- Sparse trabecular bone

Front 34

Back 34

Progressive Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
Generalized connective tissue disease
Radiographic Appearance:
- Widened PDL
- Usually bilateral
- Differentiated from osteosarcoma by the uniformity of the widening and the fact that it can be bilateral in scleroderma