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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Multiple, septated, noncommunicating, fluid collections with various sizes and shapes in the renal sinuses without color flow
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Parapelvic cysts
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Parapelvic Cysts - imaging to differentiate from pelvicaliectasis?
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Contrast CT with delayed images
IVP |
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Parapelvic Cysts - Etiology?
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Embryonic rest
vs Lymphatics |
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Parapelvic cysts - Rare complications?
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Hypertension
Hematuria Hydronephrosis Infection |
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Interconnecting anechoic or hypoechoic fluid-filled spaces in renal sinus with distribution consistent with collecting system anatomy
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Hydronephrosis
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Hyronephrois - Etiology?
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Obstructing stone, mass or crossing vessel
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Transvers image with fluid-filled structure located medial to kidney
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Extrarenal pelvis
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Nonobstructive causes of collecting system dilation?
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Visicoureteral reflux
Diuretic state (diabetes insipidus) Over distended urinary bladder Prior Obstruction Megacalyces, Megaureter |
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Elarged kidneys with many cystic lesions in cortex and medulla
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Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.
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Unilateral(usually) renal enlargement with replaced parenchyma by multiple hypoechoic or fluid filled masses, frequently with central calculus
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Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis (XGP)
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XGP:
Symptoms? Sex? Age? Etiology? |
Symptoms-similar to regular pyelo
Sex- Female more common Age- 30-60 yo Etiology - E coli, P mirabilis |
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Mulitple bilateral renal cortical masses, hypoechoic, minimal through transmission
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Renal Lymphoma
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Renal Lymphoma: Transmission?
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Hematogenous and direct invasion.
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ADPK disease: Family Hisory?
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50%
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ADPK disease: Criteria
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Positive Family History and:
-2 cysts prior to age 30 -2 cysts in each kidney at 30-59 yrs -4 cysts in each kidney after age 60 |
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ADPK disease: Other Organs
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Liver 30-60%
Pancreas, Spleen, lungs, breast, brain, pituitary, ovary, endometrium, thryroid BERRY ANEURYSMS 20-40% |
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ADPK disease: Complications
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Aneurysm rupture
Hypertension Renal Failure Hematuria Polycythemia |
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Renal Infection Routes
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Ascending
Hematogenous -IV drug abuse -bacterial endocarditis -extra urinary infection |
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Renal Infection US Appearance
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Normal
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US role in Renal Infection
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Intrarenal abscess
Perinephric abscess Pyonephrosis |
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Thickened Urothelium DDX
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Infection
Calculi VUR Resolved Obstruction Transplant Rejection TCC |
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Emphysematous Pyelonephritis:
What? Who? Etiology? Action? |
Gas in parenchyma
Usually diabetic females E coli, Klebsiella STAT urology consult |
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Horseshoe Kidney: Associations
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VUR
UPJ Obstruction Wilms tumor |
