Radiology Positioning For Unit 1

Front 1

The wrist is comprised of how many carpal bones?

Back 1

8

Front 2

Which carpal bones are located in the proximal row?

Back 2

Scaphoid/Navicular
Lunate/Semilunar
Triquetrum/Triquetral, Cuneiform, or Triangular
Pisform

Front 3

Which carpal bones are located in the distal row?

Back 3

Trapezelum/Greater Multangular
Trapezoid/Lesser Multangular
Capitate/Os Magnum
Hamate/Unciform

Front 4

When radiographing the wrist in the PA projection, why is it necessary to slightly arch the hand at the MCP joint?

Back 4

This places the wrist in close contact to the image receptor.

Front 5

How and where should the CR be directed in the PA Projection of the wrist?

Back 5

Perpendicular to the midcarpal area.

Front 6

In radiography of the wrist, why is it necessary to place the axilla in contact with the table?

Back 6

This places the shoulder elbow and wrist in the same plane.
This permits right angle rotation of the radius and ulna for the lateral position.

Front 7

In cases when the wrist is severely swollen and you cannot ascertain the exact location of the carpals, should you ask the patient to flex the wrist slightly to enable you to locate them?

Back 7

Yes

Front 8

In a PA Projection of a wrist, which bones should be clearly demonstrated?

Back 8

Distal radius and ulna
carpals
proximal half of metacarpals

Front 9

In which, projection are the carpal interspaces best demonstrated?

Back 9

AP

Front 10

When positioning a patient in the PA oblique projection of a wrist. How much should the wrist be rotated?

Back 10

45 degrees

Front 11

The semi prone oblique position demonstrates the carpals on which side of the wrist?

Back 11

Lateral side of the wrist

Front 12

Which carpal bones are best demonstrated in the semi prone oblique position?

Back 12

Trapezium and Scaphoid

Front 13

The semipronated oblique position of the wrist is in what projection?

Back 13

PA oblique projection with lateral rotation

Front 14

The semisupinated oblique position of the wrist is an AP oblique projection with the medial rotation

Back 14

Yes

Front 15

Which projection would be used to separate the pisiform from the adjacent carpal bones?

Back 15

AP oblique projection with medial rotation

Front 16

Which projection also demonstrates a more distinct image of the Triquetrum and the hamate bones?

Back 16

AP oblique projection with medial rotation

Front 17

Which projection would be used to prevent superimposition of the navicular on itself?

Back 17

PA oblique projection with lateral rotation

Front 18

In a routine lateral position of the wrist, which surface of the wrist should be placed on the cassette?

Back 18

Medial

Front 19

When performing a bilateral examination of the hands and/or wrists, why should each side be radiograph separately?

Back 19

This prevents distortion, especially of the joint spaces

Front 20

How many bones comprise the hand?

Back 20

27

Front 21

Why is it necessary to place right and left lead markers on a film?

Back 21

To identify the correct anatomical side.

Front 22

In positioning terminology, the lateral position is named:

Back 22

According to the side closest to the film

Front 23

A directional term which describes "the path of the central ray" as it exits the x-ray tube and passes through the patient to the image receptor is known as:

Back 23

Projection

Front 24

In the PA projection of the 2nd - 5th digits, which surface of the image receptor?

Back 24

Palmar

Front 25

When radiographing the 2nd - 5th digits in all the projections, how should the Central Ray be directed, and where should it enter?

Back 25

Perpendicular to the proximal interphalangeal joint of the affected digit.

Front 26

When radiographing the 2nd and 3rd digits in the lateral position, which surface of the hand should be place on the surface of the cassette?

Back 26

Lateral (radial)

Front 27

Which surface should be placed on the cassette when radiographing the 4th and 5th digits in the lateral position?

Back 27

Medial (ulnar)

Front 28

How should the central ray be directed and where should it enter for a PA projection of the hand?

Back 28

Perpendicular to the 3rd metacarpophalangeal joint

Front 29

How much should the hand be obliqued in the PA oblique projection (with lateral rotation) of the hand. (Semi prone oblique position).

Back 29

45 degrees

Front 30

Which of the following is used to Best Demonstrate anterior and posterior displacement in fractures of the metacarpals? (with regards for patient comfort).

Back 30

Lateral hand in flexion

Front 31

Which parts of the hand would not be clearly demonstrated in the Fan Lateral of the hand?

Back 31

Metacarpals and The most proximal portions of the proximal phalanges

Front 32

Where should the central ray enter for all the projections of the 1st digit?

Back 32

Metacarpophalangeal joint

Front 33

Which carpal bone should be demonstrated in all projections of the 1st digit?

Back 33

Trapezium

Front 34

The lateral projection of the hand in extension is the customary position used to demonstrate

Back 34

Foreign bodies

Front 35

When radiographing the 3rd and 4th digits in the lateral projection, why is it necessary to place their long axes parallel with the plane of the image receptor?

Back 35

It produces an accurate image of the bones and joints
It opens the joint spaces

Front 36

Where should the CR enter for the hand in the Fan lateral, Flexion lateral, Extension lateral?

Back 36

The 2nd metacarpophalangeal joint

Front 37

If the metacarpophanlangeal joints are the point of interest , and the patient cannot extend the hand enough to place the palmer surface on the image receptor for the PA projection of a hand, what alternate projection could be used?

Back 37

AP

Front 38

The routine projections for a hand consists of

Back 38

PA
Lateral (lateromedial)
PA oblique with lateral rotation

Front 39

Evaluation criteria of a film means what is clearly demonstrated on a correctly exposed radiograph.

Back 39

True

Front 40

Positioning criteria consists of

Back 40

Patient position
Part position
Central ray direction and entrance
SID

Front 41

Which Projection of the hand should demonstrate (4) of the digits superimposed?

Back 41

Lateral (extension)

Front 42

With regards to the PA oblique projection with lateral rotation (semi prone oblique position), which of the following evaluation criteria is correct?

Back 42

The interphalangeal and metacarophalangeal joints are open

Front 43

Which projection of the wrist is the best view of the Pisiform?

Back 43

AP Oblique with medial rotation

Front 44

Which two long bones consist in the Forearm?

Back 44

Ulna- Media Side
Radius - Lateral side

Front 45

Where is the Ulnar anatomy located on the forearm?

Back 45

Olecranon process is proximal and posterior
Coronoid process is proximal and anterior

Front 46

Where is the Radial anatomy located on the forearm?

Back 46

Radial head is proximal
Radial tuberosity is proximal

Front 47

When radiographing a forearm which parts are to always be demonstrated on a routine AP and Lateral?

Back 47

Includes wrist to distal humerus and all surrounding tissue.

Front 48

Where should the Central Ray be centered on the AP Forearm?

Back 48

Perpendicular to mid shaft

Front 49

How should your part be positioned?

Back 49

Center forearm to unmasked 1/2 of IR
Long axis of IR parallel to long axis of forearm
Lean patient slightly laterally to ensure true AP Projection

Front 50

How should the hand be positioned for the AP Forearm to prevent crossing of the radius and ulna?

Back 50

Supinated

Front 51

What parts should be in the same plane when doing an AP Projection?

Back 51

Humerus, elbow, & forearm MUST be in the same plane

Front 52

What structures are demonstrated on the AP Forearm?

Back 52

Entire forearm
Elbow joint as well as proximal row of carpals

Front 53

What are the Evaluation Criteria of the AP Forearm?

Back 53

Radius and ulna parallel to each other
Slight superimposition of radial head, neck and tuberosity over proximal ulna
No elongation of humeral condyles

Front 54

Where is the Central Ray located at on the Lateral Forearm?

Back 54

Perpendicular to mid shaft

Front 55

How should the part be positioned in a Lateral of the Forearm

Back 55

Flex elbow 90 degrees
Place ulnar side down
Forearm parallel to long axis of IR
Shoulder elbow wrist in the same plane

Front 56

What Structures are Demonstrated on the Lateral Forearm?

Back 56

Bones of forearm, elbow and proximal row of carpals in lateral projection.

Front 57

What is the Evaluation Criteria of the Lateral Forearm?

Back 57

Superimposition of distal radius & ulna
Radial tuberosity facing anteriorly
Humeral condyles superimposed over coronoid process
Elbow flexed 90 degrees