Radiology Pathology Ch 1

Front 1

iatrogenic
pg 2

Back 1

tumors/disease caused by physicians and their treatment

Front 2

nosocomial
pg 2

Back 2

infections developed at the acute care facility/hospital

Front 3

community acquired
pg 2

Back 3

contracted outside the healthcare facility

Front 4

idiopathic
pg 2

Back 4

underlying cause is unknown

Front 5

Abscess
pg 5

Back 5

a localized, encapsulated collection of pus

Front 6

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
pg12

Back 6

characterized by a profound and sustained impairment of the cellular immunity that results in recurrent or sequential oppurtunistic infections and a particularly form of Kaposi's sarcoma

Hint 6

Impairment of cellular immunity

Front 7

Active Immunity
pg11

Back 7

A person forms antibodies to counteract antigens in the form of a vaccine or a toxoid

Front 8

Anaphylactic
pg 12

Back 8

Reactions are characterized by hypotension, and vacular collapse(shock) with urticaria (hives) bronchial spasms and laryngeal edema. may cause death

Front 9

Anaplastic
pg 8

Back 9

a tumor that grows Without Form

Front 10

Anasarca
pg 5

Back 10

Pronounced swelling of subcuteaneous tissues thoughout the body

Front 11

Antibodies
pg 11

Back 11

Body's counteraction to control antigens

Front 12

Antigens
pg11

Back 12

the immune reaction of the Body...giving it the ability to recognize foreign substance. helps to provide powerful defense
ex : bacteria, virus, fungi, toxins

Front 13

Atrophy
Pg 7

Back 13

Refers to a reduction in the size or number of cells in aorgan or tissue with a corresponding decrease in function

Hint 13

Diminshed size as a result of wasting away

Front 14

Autosomes
pg10

Back 14

44 of the chromosomes.
All chromosomes except gender

Front 15

Signs
pg 2

Back 15

measurable or objective manifestations or the disease process.

Front 16

Pathology
pg 2

Back 16

study of diseases that can cause abnormalities in the structure of function of variuos organ systems

Front 17

symptoms
pg 2

Back 17

Subjective = those manifestations that are not measurable or objectable

Front 18

Inflamation
pg 2

Back 18

The initial response of the body tissue to local injury

Front 19

Permeable
pg3

Back 19

Allowing passage of protein rich plasma across the vessel walls into the interstitium

Front 20

Granulation tissue
pg 4

Back 20

refers to the combination of young developing capillaries and actively proliferating fibroblast which produces connective tissue fibers "collagen" that replaces the dead tissue

Front 21

Pyogenic
pg 5

Back 21

Bacteria that leads to the prodcuction of a thick yellow fluid called pus which contains dead white blood cells, inflammatory exudate, and bacteria

Front 22

Bacteremia
pg 5

Back 22

when pyogens invade the blood vessel system

Hint 22

Bacteria spread through the circulatory system

Front 23

elephantiasis
pg 5

Back 23

localized edema - maybe caused by lymphatic obstruction

Front 24

Ischemia
pg5

Back 24

an interference withthe blood supply to an organ or part of an organ, depriving the ogan's celss and tissues of oxygen and nutrients.

Hint 24

may be caused by narrowing of arterial structures

Front 25

infarct
pg5

Back 25

loalized area of ischemic necrosis within a tissue or ogran produced by occlusion of either it's arterial supply or venou drainiage

Hint 25

2 common = myocardial and pulmonary

Front 26

Hemorrhage
pg6

Back 26

rupture of ablood vessel

Front 27

Hematoma
pg 6

Back 27

Hemorrage blood trapped in the body tissues resulting in an accumalation of blood

Front 28

hyperplasia
pg 7

Back 28

an increase in the NUMBER of cells in a tissue or organ

Front 29

hypertrophy
pg 7

Back 29

increase in the SIZE of cells of a tissue or organ inresponse to a demand for increased function

Front 30

Dysplasia
pg 7

Back 30

loss in the uniformity of individual celss and their architectural orientation

Front 31

Neoplasia
pg 7
(neoplasms)

Back 31

"new growth" An abnormal proliferation of cells that are no longer controlled by the factors thatgovern the growth of new cells

Hint 31

ex = parasites, tumors

Front 32

oncology
pg 7

Back 32

study of neoplasms/tumors

Front 33

Benign
pg 8

Back 33

Tumors closely resemble their cells of orgin in structure and function. Remain localized w/o spreading. Surgical removed results in survival of the patient

Front 34

Malignant
pg 8

Back 34

Neoplasms invade and destroy adjacent structure and spread to distant sites, causing death

Front 35

Metastasize
pg 8

Back 35

spreading to distant sites

Front 36

cancer
pg 8

Back 36

malignant tumors referred to as caner

Front 37

carcinomas
pg 8

Back 37

malignant neoplasms of epithelial cells

Front 38

adenocarcinomas
pg 8

Back 38

malignanciesof glandular tissues ..such as the breast, and pancreas and cells lining the GI tract

Front 39

Undifferentiated
pg 8

Back 39

tumor that grows in a bizarre pattern

Front 40

sarcomas
pg 8

Back 40

highly malignant tumors arising from connective tissues such as bone and muscle and cartilage

Front 41

lymphatic spread
pg9

Back 41

a major metastatic routeof carcinomas especially those of the lung and breast

Front 42

hematogenous spread
pg9

Back 42

complex process. tumor cells invade and penetrate the blood vessels

Front 43

grading
pg10

Back 43

assessing aggressiveness, or degree of malignancy of a malignant tumor. Indicates bilogic behavior. Predict the respnsiveness to certain terapeutic agents

Front 44

staging
pg10

Back 44

Extensiveness of a tumor at the primary site with the presence or abscence of metastases tothe lymph nodes or distant organs (liver, lungs, skeleton)

Front 45

hereditary disease
pg10

Back 45

pass from one generation to the next thru the genetic information contained in the nucleus of each cell

Front 46

dominant
pg10

Back 46

genes that always produce an effect...regardless of whether the person is homozygous or heterozygous

Front 47

recessive
pg10

Back 47

genes that manifest themselves only when the person is homozygous for the trait

Front 48

mutations
pg11

Back 48

alterations in the DNA structure that may become permanent hereditary changes if they affect the gonadal cells

Front 49

antigens

Back 49

pg 11

Front 50

immune
pg 11

Back 50

reaction of the body provides a powerful defense agaist invading organsims. Becomes immune to the antigen

Hint 50

antibidy binds together with the antigen to make the antigen harmless. once antiboides are produced, a person becomes IMMUNE to the antigen

Front 51

vaccine
pg 12

Back 51

low dose of a dead or deactivated bacteria or virus

Hint 51

can not cause the disease but triggers the development of antiboides

Front 52

toxoid
pg12

Back 52

a chemically altered toxin (the poisonous material produced by a pathognic organism)

Hint 52

can not cause the disease but triggers the development of antiboides

Front 53

hepatitis
pg 13

Back 53

most prevalent inflammatory disease of the liver

Front 54

Hepatitis A

Back 54

"infectious hepatitis" transitted in the digestive tract - fecal or oral contact

Front 55

hepatitis b

Back 55

"Serum hepattis" transmitted by exposure to blood or blood products, or thru sexal contact

Front 56

hepatitis c

Back 56

chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. contracted by blood transfusion or sexual contact