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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the mortality associated with Subarachnoid hemmorhage?
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50%
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What are the various forms of annuerysm?
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saccular, fusiform (do not cause SAH), and dissecting
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What is imaging is indicated for Subarachnoid hemmorhage?
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Computerized Tomography, catheter angiography is needed to pinpoint the exact location.
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What is DWI?
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Diffusion weighted imaging, a variation of MRI capable of detecting cerebral infarction within two hours of stroke onset.
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True or False? CT is good at detecting acute infarction.
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False. CT is incapable of detecting before 12 hours and frequently not reliably before 18 hours.
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What image study is indicated for brainstem/cerebellum...the posterior fossa?
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MRI due to the absence of bone artifact.
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What is the surgical treatment for carotid artery stenosis?
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(CEA) Carotid Endarterectomy
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How do AVM (arteriovenous malformations) typically present?
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Seizure or hemorrhage, usually idiopathic but may present with Rendu-Osler-Weber or Wyburn-Mason Syndromes.
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What is CTA?
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CT Angiogram imaging technique utilizing helical CT and IV contrast to generate CT generated images. Everyone suspected of stroke gets CTA!!!!!!!
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What is the gold standard for evaluation of carotid arteries?
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Ultrasonography.
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In what capacities does CT exceed MRI?
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Evaluation of
1. SAH, calcification 2. fractures 3. High resolution of the temporal bones CT has no contraindications save pregnancy |
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What are the disadvantages associated with CT?
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Stroke will invariably be negative for up to 18 hours (hemorrahge can be detected almost immediately)
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What is the FDA approved critical time for administration of tissue plasminogen activator?
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3 hours for IV tPA, 6 hours for (IA) tPA intrarterial using a microcatheter inserted into the femoral A and routed to the site of stenosis.
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What are some major setbacks associated with MRI DWI?
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It is slow (45 min) and usually makes monitoring the patient very difficult. No annuerysm clips/coils, no pacemakers or other ferromagnetics.
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Define cytotoxic edema?
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Cell death associated with infarction in the cortex, grey matter and nuclei.
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Define vasogenic edema.
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Associated with stroke in the grey matter (white is spared) secondary to tumor or infection.
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Discuss the contrasts utilized to enhance CT & MRI images.
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CTI vs MRIGood! CT gets Iodine which is nephrotoxic. MRI is enhanced with Gadollinium.
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What are some common etiologies of stroke.
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Artery disease. Heart is a common source of emboli (PFO, mitral valve stenosis), carotid arteries also embolize, systemic DZ (HTN) and hematopathy (bad platelets)
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