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98 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The coin test is a quality assurance test used for monitoring which of the following? a) the processing equipment b) the freshness of the sun c) the light-tightness of the darkroom d) the proper safelighting e) both C and D |
e) both C and D |
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In which quality assurance test do you expose 20 of the same films, process just one and set the other 19 aside to be processed on subsequent days? a) normalizing test b) stepwedge test |
b) stepwedge test |
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On the average, processing solutions should be changed_____? a) once each day c) every 3-4 weeks d) every 8-10 weeks e) every 3-4 months |
C) every 3-4 weeks |
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If the processor is functioning properly the unexposed film should be ___ and the exposed film should be ____ and both should be ____ b) clear, black, wet d) clear, black, dry |
d) clear, black, dry |
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Skills that promote good relationships between individuals are termed facilitation skills (T/F) |
TRUE |
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How many cases of cancer have dental x-rays caused? a) 1 case in 20 years b) 1 case in 50 years c) possibility of cancer case may be debated d) not a single recorded case |
d) not a single recorded case |
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Concerning patient records, the owner of the record is the: d) federal gov |
b) dentist |
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The process of informing the patient about the particulars of exposing dental radiographs is termed: a) a treatment alternative b) disclosure c) self-determination d) behavior modification |
b) disclosure |
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what is the time period that a patient can bring a malpractice action against a dentist/auxiliary called? a) grace period b) latent period c) statue of limitations d) retention period |
c) statue of limitations |
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The notion that the pt has the legal right to make choices about the care they receive is called: a) informed consent b) disclosure c) standard of care d) self-determination |
d) self-determination |
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Consent given by a patient following complete disclosure is called___ a) informed consent b) self-determination c) liability d) risk management |
a) informed consent |
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T/F touching a cold-virus contaminated door handle constitutes parenteral exposure? |
FALSE |
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Which of the following are considered to be semi-critical instruments? a) the exposure button b) the x-ray control panel c) the lead apron d) x-ray film holding devices |
d) x-ray film holding devies |
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an instrument that does not contact mucous membranes is considered___? a) critical instruments b) semicritical instruments c) occupational instruments d) noncritical instruments |
d) noncritical instruments |
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Parenteral exposure is when______ a) exposure to infection material resulting from procedures performed by the dental professional b) exposure to infectious material that results from piercing or puncturing the skin |
B) exposure to infectious material that results from piercing or puncturing the skin |
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The use of a physical or chemical procedure to destroy all pathogens, including the highly resistant bacterial and mycotic spores is: a) asepsis b) disinfect c) sterilize d) antiseptic |
c) sterilize |
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Comparing traditional intraoral radiography to digital intraoral radiography which of the following pairs DOES NOT belong? a) film: sensor b) silver halide crystal: pixel c) processor: computer |
d) radiation : light |
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if an existing x-ray film is digitized (using a CCD camera) in order to be viewed on and stored in the computer which type of digital imaging has occurred? a) indirect digital imaging b) storage phosphor imaging c) direct digital imaging d) all of the above |
a) indirect digital imagine |
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19 T or F: digital radiography reduces exposure of the patient to radiation by as much as 50-80% if not more. |
TRUE |
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In digital radiography, the term digital subtraction refers to: a) reversing the gray-scale b) converting x-ray energy into an electronic signal c) converting a traditional image (on film) into digital form d) changing the color of the image on the computer screen |
a) reversing the gray-scale |
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The universal format for handling, storing, transferring 3D images is termed: a) MPR b) DICOM c) FOV d) CBCT |
b) DICOM |
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the smallest element of a 3D image is called: a) FOV b) micro speck c) voxel d) sensor |
c) voxel |
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which of the following about the film placement is correct: a) anterior film is placed horizontally the posterior film is place vertically b) anterior film is placed vertically the posterior film is placed vertically c) posterior film is placed horizontally, the anterior film is placed vertically d) none of the above |
c) posterior film is placed horizontally, the anterior film is placed vertically |
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Which of the following are advantages of the parallel technique? a) increased accuracy b) decreased magnification c) ease of duplication d) all of the above |
d) all of the above |
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which of the following describes the relationship between the receptor and the long axis of the tooth in the parallel technique? a) the receptor and the tooth are parallel to each other b ) the receptor and the tooth are at right angles to each other c) the receptor and the tooth are perpendicular to each other d) the receptor and the tooth are intersecting each other |
a) the receptor and the tooth are parallel to each other |
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Why is an increased target to receptor (film) distance required in the paralleling technique? a) to avoid image magnification b) to avoid distortion c) to reduce scatter radiation d) to improve receptor comfort |
a) to avoid image magnification |
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What does the "dot in the slot" rule mean? a) to make sure you can identity right and left b) to avoid an artifact by the roots of the teeth c) to make sure the film is facing the tube head correctly d) none of the above |
b) to avoid an artifact by the roots of the teeth |
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Reusable film holders must be____ after each use a) rinsed with tap water b) wiped with disinfectant c) placed in an immersion disinfectant d) sterilized |
D) sterilized |
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When tori are present: a) the pt will require a pano film b) the film should be placed on the torus and exposed c) the patient should be referred for surgical tori reduction before films are taken d) the film must be placed on the far side of the torus |
d) the film must be placed on the far side of the torus |
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All crowns and roots of the first, second, and third molars, including the apices, alveolar crests, contact areas, surrounding bone, and tuberosity region, must be seen on the_____ radiograph b) maxillary molar c) mandibular premolar d) mandibular molar |
B) maxillary molar |
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According to the basic principles of the paralleling technique, the film is placed in the mouth____ to the long axis of the tooth being radiographed, and the central ray of the x-ray beam is directed____ to the film and long axis of the tooth. a) parallel; perpendicular b) parallel; parallel c) perpendicular; parallel d) perpendicular; perpendicular |
a) parallel; perpendicular |
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With size 1 film; a total of ____ anterior film placements are used in the paralleling technique: a) four b) six c) seven d) eight |
c) seven |
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Test 6- T or F: it is legal for the dental hygienist to make the final interpretation but not the final diagnosis |
True... ( I think) |
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Luxation is defined as? b) complete displacement of tooth from alveolar bone c) extraction d) resorption of tooth |
a) abnormal displacement of teeth |
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which of the following is NOT used to hold the film in the mouth with the bisecting angle technique a) XCP bite block b) stabe bite-block c) EEZZEE grip/ snap a ray d) rinn XCP film holder and aligning ring |
d) Rinn XCP film holder and aligning ring |
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the plane the divides in half the angle formed by the film and the long axis of the tooth is called the: a) hypotenuse b) imaginary bisector c) isometric bisector d) all of the above |
b) imaginary bisector |
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In the bisecting technique, if the PID (and resulting x-ray beam) is lined up with the tooth which of the following is likely to result? a) elongation b) foreshortening c) nothing, this is correct |
a) elongation |
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Which of the 3 primary periapical radiolucencies requires root canal therapy or extraction as part of the tx? a) periapical granuloma b) periapical cyst c) periapical abscess d) all of the above |
d) all of the above |
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Which stage of Interproximal caries extends to or through the DEG and into dentin, but not more than 1/2 way through the dentin? a) incipient interproximal caries b) moderate interproximal caries c) advanced interproximal caries d) severe interproximal caries |
c) advanced interproximal caries |
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The complete displacement of a tooth from the alveolar socket is called: a) avulsion b) luxation c) propulsion d) expulsion |
a) avulsion |
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which of the following is (are) true concerning Pulp Stones? a) they are generally asymptomatic b) root canal therapy and/or extraction are the treatment options of choice c) caused by trauma to the pulp d) all of the above |
a) they are generally asymptomatic |
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which of the following periapical radiopacities is found at the apex of a nonvital tooth a) sclerotic bone b) condensing osteitis c) hypercementosis d) idiopathic periapical osteosclerosis e) B and D |
B) condensing osteitis |
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Which of the following is (are) true about root fractures? a) less common than crown fractures b) if the x-ray beam is parallel with the plane of the fracture, then the fracture appears as a sharp radiolucent line on the film c) the space between the 2 fractured segments becomes more evident with time d) all of the above |
D) all of the above |
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The following are true about external resorption EXCEPT: a) most often affects the apical area of the tooth b) roots will appear blunted (and shorter) c) can be caused from trauma or idiopathic reasons d) the lamina dura and surrounding bone will also be affected E) none of the above (all of them are true) |
D) the lamina dura and surrounding bone will also be affected |
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The type of interproximal caries that extend more than halfway through the enamel but do not involve the DEJ are: a) incipient b) moderate |
b) moderate |
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The type of caries that occur adjacent to existing restorations and appear on a film as a radiolucent area just below (or adjacent to ) the restoration are: a) refractory caries b) restoration caries c) recurrent caries d) none of the above |
c) recurrent caries |
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Resorption that occurs due to shedding of primary teeth is referred to as: a) primary resorption b) pathologic resorption c) physiologic resorption d) characteristic resorption |
c) physiologic resorption |
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When a tooth is displaced into the bone we have: a) intrusion b) extrusion c) avulsion d) all of the above |
a) intrustion |
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Which of the following pathologies is associated with a non vital tooth? a) pulp stones b) pulpal abliteration c) sclerotic bone d) hypercementosis |
b) pulpal obliteration |
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which of the following is the correct order from most radiopaque to least? a) gold, stainless steal, gutta purcha, acrylic b) gutta purcha, acrylic, gold, stainless steel c) gold, stainless steal, acrylic, gutta purcha d) gutta purcha, gold, stainless steal, acrylic |
a) gold, stainless steal, gutta purcha, acrylic |
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a kVp at the lower end of the scale (65 kVp) is optimal for: a) detecting perio disease b) detecting caries c) obtaining low contrast d) none of the above |
b) detecting caries |
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which of the following terms is a type of radiolucent lesion? a) target lesion b) multifocal confluent c) ground glass d) moth-eaten pattern |
d) moth-eaten pattern |
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Unilocular lesions tend to be: a) small and expansile b) small and nonexpansile c) large and expansile d) large and nonexpansile |
b) small and nonexpansile |
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A large, well adapted radiopaque restoration with smooth borders is probably: a) silver amalgam b) gold c) porcelain d) composite |
b) gold |
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Post and core restorations are often seen in _____ treated teeth a) periodontally b) orthodontically c) endodontically d) nonendodontically |
c) endodontically |
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A thin radiopaque line outlining the prepared tooth may be evident on a dental radiograph of an all porcelain crown. This thin line represents a) decay b) cement c) an air pocket d) a metal substance |
b) cement |
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diatorics are found in: a) silver point endodontic fillings b) gutta percha endodontic fillings c) restorations as an anchoring device d) anterior porcelain denture teeth |
d) anterior porcelain denture teeth |
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which radiographic technqiue is recommended for taking PA's on a child? a) paralleling technique b) bisecting technique c) cross-sectional technique d) children are too young to obtain intraoral PA's, instead a pano should be taken |
b) Bisecting technique |
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Which of the following describes the proper direction of the central ray in the bisecting technique? a) 90 degrees to the long axis of the tooth b) 90 degrees to the receptor and long axis of the tooth c) 90 degrees to the receptor d) 90 degrees to the imaginary bisector |
d) 90 degrees to the imaginary bisector |
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which of the following describes the distance between the receptor and the tooth in the bisecting technique? a) the receptor is placed as close as possible to the tooth b) the receptor is placed away from the tooth and toward the middle of the oral cavity c) the receptor is placed parallel to the tooth d) none of the above |
a) the receptor is placed as close as possible to the tooth |
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Horizontal angulation refers to the placement of the PID in a(n) _____ plane. Vertical angulation refers to the positioning of the PID in a(n) ____plane. a) side to side, side to side b) side to side, up and down c) up and down, side to side d) up and down, up and down |
b) side to side, up and down |
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Foreshortened images refer to images of the teeth that appear_____. Foreshortening of images results from _____ vertical angulation. a) shortened; insufficient b) shortened; excessive c) too long; insufficient d) too long; excessive |
b) shortened; excessive |
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which of the following techniques uses the same principles of horizontal angulation? 1. paralleling 2. bisecting 3. bite-wing A) 1,2,3 b) 1,2 c) 2,3 d) 1,3 |
a) 1,2,3 |
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Test 7- which of the following positioning techniques is NOT correct for a pano exposure? a) position the midsagittal plane perpendicular to the floor b) position the frankfort plane perpendicular to the floor c) intruct the patient to bite end to end in the notched bite-block d) none of the above (they're all true) |
b) position the Frankfort plane perpendicular to the floor |
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Which of the following is NOT an advantage of the panoramic radiograph? a) simplicity b) minimal exposure compared to a FMS c) patient cooperation d) image quality |
D) image quality |
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In panoramic radiography, a ghost image refers to: a) a radiolucent artifact with idiopathic origin b) a radiopaque image that results from using the thyroid collar c) a radiolucent image that results from failure to have the patient swallow and place their tongue on the roof of the mouth d) a radiopaque artifact that resembles its counterpart and is found on the opposite side of the film |
d) a radiopaque artifact that resembles its counterpart and is found on the opposite side of the film |
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Which of the following is (are) true concerning the alveolar crest? a) it is pointed and thin in the anterior region b) it appears more dense in the posterior region c) it is located 4-5 mm below the CEJ in health d) all of the above |
a) it is pointed and thin in the anterior region |
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Before bone loss is identifiable on film, how much loss of mineralization must occur? a) 10-20% b) 20-30% c) 30-50% d) 50-80% |
c) 30-50% |
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In which extraoral radiograph technique is the top of the patients head placed against the casette in order to view the condyles, the base of the skull, and the zygomatic arch? a) waters projection b) submentovertex projection c) posteroanterior projection d) transcranial projection |
b) submentovertex projection |
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Which of the following is NOT considered a predisposing factor for bone loss a) calculus b) overhanging margins of restorations c) a tooth with a long root d) teeth (or restorations) with open contacts |
c) a tooth with a long root |
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When bone loss does not occur in a plane parallel with the CEJ we have a) angular bone loss b) vertical bone loss c) infrabony pocket formation (pockets that go apical to the alveolar bone) d) all of the above |
d) all of the above |
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which of the following cannot be determined about a patient's periodontal health from FMS of radiographs a) identification of predisposing factors b) location of bone loss c) pocket depths d) type of bone loss |
c) pocket depths |
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Triangulation is an early sign of periodontal destruction and is the widening of what structure? a) alveolar crest or interdental septum b) periodontal ligament c) lamina dura d) junctional epithelium |
b) PDL |
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The advanced periodontal disease is described as: a) pattern of bone loss may be horizontal or vertical b) pocket depth is 6mm and greater c) mobility and furcation involvement are more severe d) all of the above e) none of the above |
d) all of the above |
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Which of the following is a (are) true difference(s) between an intraoral tube head and extraoral tube head (used for a pano)? a) the extraoral tube head rotates around the pt while the intraoral tube head remains stationary b) the collimator in the extraoral tube head is a lead plate with a narrow vertical slit c) the x-ray beam in the extraoral unit is directly slightly upward d) all of the above |
d) all of the above |
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T or F: screen film is more sensitive to light than regular film |
TRUE |
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Calcium tungstate screens: a) emit green light b) emit blue light c) require less radiation than rare earth screens d) both A and C |
B) emit blue light |
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In your dental office you only have a standard intraoral x-ray unit, which of the following extraoral projections could you take in the office? a) transcranial projection b) lateral cephalometric projectin c) TMJ Tomography d) all of the above |
a) transcranial projection |
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Device used in extraoral radiography to reduce the amount of scatter radiation to the film is: a) a grid b) a cephalostat c) a craniostat d) a filter |
a) a grid |
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In your dental office you only have a standard intraoral x-ray unit, which of the following extraoral projections could you take in the office? a) body of the Mandible b) lateral cephalometric projection c) TMJ Tomography d) all of the above |
a) body of the mandible |
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Which one of the extraoral techniques is used specifically to evaluate the maxillary sinuses? a) lateral cephalometric b) waters c) panoramic d) lateral jaw |
b) waters |
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Intensifying screens in pano cassettes are used to: a) increase sharpness b) decrease magnification c) increase film details d) reduce patient exposure to radiation |
d) reduce patient exposure to radiation |
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in terms of pano radiography, the curved zone in which the dental arch should be positioned to see the clearest image is called the: a) focal trough b) end zone c) tube zone d) clear layer |
a) focal trough |
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To correct the slender appearance of the anterior teeth on a pano radiograph, the dental radiographer should: a) position the patient further forward b) position the patient further backward c) raise the patient's chin up d) lower the patient's chin down |
b) position the patient further backward |
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On a pano x-ray machine, the kVp, mA and exposure time can all be adjusted? |
FALSE |
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a pano image with a "jack o lantern" or extreme smile results from: a) chin too low b) chin too high c) pt placed too far anteriorly d) pt placed too far posteriorly |
Chin too low |
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prior to a gag reflex which of the following will occur: a) cessation of breathing b) contraction of the muscles of the throat c) contraction of the abdomen muscles d) all of the above e) a and b only |
d) all of the above |
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In which occlusal projection is it necessary to lower the chair to a supine position? a) maxillary topographic b) maxillary lateral c) mandibular topographic d) cross sectional (90 degrees) |
d) cross sections (90 degrees) |
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The gag reflex is a(n)_____ effort, preceded by _____ of respiration a) voluntary; an increased rate b) involuntary; cessation c) voluntary; cessation d) involuntary; an increased rate |
b) involuntary; cessation |
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which of the following choices would represent the suggested film placement sequence for a patient who is likely to gag? 1. anterior 2. premolar 3. molar a) 2,3,1 b) 3,1,2, c) 1,2,3 d) 2,1,3 |
c) 1,2,3 |
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according to the SLOB rule, when two radiographs are compared, the object that lies to the lingual appears to have moved in the same direction as the PID, and the object that lies in the buccal appears to have moved in the opposite direction as the PID. a) both true b) both false c) 1 true, 2 false d) 1 false, 2 true |
a) both statements are true |
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which of the following suggestions are intended to help reduce the gag reflex? a) instructing the pt to breathe rapidly through the nose b) asking the pt to suspend an arm or leg in the air c) placing a small amount of baking soda on the tip of the tongue d) asking the pt to perform jumping jacks for 5 mins in the tx room |
b) asking the pt to suspend an arm or leg in the air |
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a developmental disability is a substantial impairment of mental or physical functioning that occurs before age____ years and is of indefinite duration. a) 12 b) 18 c) 19 d) 22 |
d) 22 |
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Today is the first dental appointment for elena simonov, who is 8 yrs old. the first adult molars have erupted in Elena's mouth, and her primary first and second primary molars are present. -Which of the following image receptor sizes is/are recommended for a child such as elena? 1. size 0 2. size 1 3. size 2 4. size 3 a) 1,2,3,4 b) 1,2,3 c)1,2, d)2,3, e)1 |
D) 2,3 |
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which of the following techniques is preferred in children with a primary or transitional dentition? a) paralleling b) bisecting c) occlusal d) anteroposterior |
b) bisecting |
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How many images should be obtained for a complete mouth radiographic series for Elena (who is 8) a) 12 b) 14 c) 16 d)18 |
a) 12 |
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how many maxillary molar periapical images (right and left side) should be exposed as part of a complete mouth radiographic series for Elena? a) one b) two c) three d) four |
b) two |
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The dental radiographer can use a ____ a approach to prepare the pediatric pt for imaging procedures a) show and tell b) do as i say c) quizzing d)minimal |
a) show and tell |
