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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Five processing steps
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Developing, rinsing, fixing, washing, and drying
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Reducing agents
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Metol or Elon-gray. Used in the developing process to reduce all exposed silver ions to metallic silver. Alkaline solution, prolonged contact will make image dark or foggy
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Clearing agents
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Sodium or ammonium thiosulphate (hypo) used in the fixing process to remove unexposed silver bromide crystal and harden emulsion. Acidic solution, prolonged contact will make image lighter (less density).
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Timing for each stage
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Develop for 5 min, fix for 10 min, and wash for 20 min
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How often should the chemistry solutions be changed?
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12 oz. daily need to be added
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Effect of temperature on processing time
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1 degree of temp change changes time needed by approx. 15 seconds. Higher temp is faster.
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What light is safe in a dark room?
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Red filter GBX-2 is safe for F speed film. It should be at least 4 feet away from the working surface and only 15 watt bulb.
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What is a coin test and how often should it be done?
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Place a coin over a film in the dark room and see if an image is formed after developing. If so, you have light leaks. Do this every day
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What is the chemistry protocol for non-replenishment processors?
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The chemicals should be replaced every 15 working days
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Which way does the film bump go when mounting radiographs?
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The film bump goes up (convex)
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Duplication of radiographs
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Ultra violet black light exposes duplicating film. Still have to process the film. The original goes on the dull side and glossy side is facing away from original and light source.
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What causes darker images?
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Prolonged contact in developer, overexposure, hot developer
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What causes lighter images?
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Underexposure, underdeveloped (depleted developer), cold developer
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What are chemistry stains and how do you fix them?
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Due to poor fiaxation or inadequate washing. Leaves brown/yellow stains. Need to refix and wash to clean off chemistry
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Film contact
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Developer causes light or clear area and fixer causes brown area
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Black lines in film
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If they're straight, the film was bent prior to exposure. If they're crescent shaped the film was bent after exposure
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What causes image fogging?
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Old film, poor storage (warm temps) and exposure to white light
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What causes the herringbone or chicken wire pattern?
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Film reversed during exposure
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What causes white or clear lines?
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Wet film scratches
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