Radiology Dh Board Review

Front 1

Define Ionization:

Back 1

Converting atoms to ions, an atom becomes either negative or positive charged.

Front 2

Define Radiation:

Back 2

Emission/Propagation of energy.

Front 3

How does electromagnetic radiation move?

Back 3

Weighless bundles of energy without a an electrical charge, called photons, travel in waves at the speed of light.

Front 4

These are xray particles, weightless bundles of energy, without an electrical charge, which travel in waves.

Back 4

Photons

Front 5

The speed of the wave is called:

Back 5

Velocity

Front 6

What are the three factors whic define the wave concept of radiation?

Back 6

1. Velocity
2. Wavelenth
3. Frequency

Front 7

This is the distance between the crest of one wave and to the next. It determines if high or low energy.

Back 7

Wavelength

Front 8

Number of waves that pass a given point in a certain amout of time is called:

Back 8

Frequency

Front 9

What removes the long (low energy) wavelengths from the tubehead?

Back 9

Aluminum Filters

Front 10

How are the xrays produced in the Xray tube head? 7 Steps.

Back 10

1. Electricity to transformers (step-down turns unit on, and step-up increases energy for the exposure button).
2. Transformer to circuit tungsten filament, and produces electron cloud of high voltage w/in the molybdenum cup.
3. Transformer to exposure botton releases high-voltage, causing electrons to move from cathode- to anode+.
4. Electrons hit the tungsten target.
5. Xrays produced (1% of electrons produce xrays, 99% lost to heat)
6. Xrays escape out collimator (reducing beam size).
7. Xrays released to PID, which aims and shapes xray beam.

Front 11

Describe the two types of Xrays produced:
1. General Radiation aka Bremsstrahlung or Branking Radiation.
2. Characteristic Radiation.

Back 11

1. Gerneral Radiation:
a) 70% of high-speed electrons stop at tungsten target Anode.
b) High energy electrons get close to atom nucleus, slows down, leading to lower energy xray photon, which produces xrays.

2. Characteristic Radiation (not common)
a) High-speed electron displaces inner shell, causing ionization of this atom.
b) Photon produced when shell electrons redistribute and loose energy.

Front 12

Types of Radiation Used are Primary and Secondary. Describe both.

Back 12

1. Primary radiation produced in xray tube.
2. Secondary radiation interact with matter, other then intended target.
a) Secondary radiation produces two scatter radiations. Compton and Coherent.

Front 13

This type of scatter radiation is when ionization occurs as photon ejects an outer shell, electron, photon looses energy and continues in deflected pathway.

Back 13

Compton Scatter Radiation.

Front 14

A photon deflected without less of energy, and just loss of direction is called:

Back 14

Thompson Coherent Scatter Radiation

*most harmful radiation, deflect=dangerous