Radiology Chapter 27

Front 1

Enamel

Back 1

will appear as a white area around the crown

Front 2

Will enamel appear radiopaque or radiolucent on an intraoral film?

Back 2

Radiopaque

Front 3

Dentin

Back 3

the grayish white area that is semi-radiopaque and forms the bulk of the tooth

Front 4

How does pulp appear on an x-ray?

Back 4

radiolucent

Front 5

Can you normally see cementum on an x-ray?

Back 5

No because it's very thin

It has the same radiodensity as dentin

Front 6

Periodontal ligament space:

Back 6

thin, dark line that circumscribes the tooth

Front 7

What are the 2 parts that make up the alveolar bone?

Back 7

1) Lamina dura

2) Alveolar crest

Front 8

What is lamina dura also referred to as?

Back 8

Cribiform plate

Front 9

Lamina dura:

Back 9

dense bone that surrounds the root

appears as a white line

Front 10

Alveolar crest:

Back 10

continuous with the lamina dura that is the coronal most portion of the alveolar process

appears radiopaque

Front 11

Cortical bone "compact bone":

Back 11

dense outer layer of bone

appears radiopaque

mandible contains more cortical bone

Front 12

Cancellous bone "spongy bone":

Back 12

composed of trabeculae and marrow spaces

contributes to less radiopaque bone than cortical bone

located between the lamina dura of adjacent teeth and multi-rooted teeth

Front 13

What are the 5 prominences of bone that appear radiopaque?

Back 13

1) Process

2) Ridge

3) Spine

4) Tubercle

5) Tuberosity

Front 14

What are the 4 spaces and depressions in one that appear radiolucent?

Back 14

1) Canal

2) Foramen

3) Fossa

4) Sinus

Front 15

Incisive foramen (nasopalatine foramen)

Back 15

round radiolucent area located between the roots of the maxillary central incisors

Front 16

Superior foramen of the incisive canal

Back 16

two small holes in the floor of the nasal cavity that join to form the incisive canal

appear as two small round radiolucencies superior to the apices of the maxillary central incisors

Front 17

Median palatine suture

Back 17

extends from the alveolar bone between the maxillary central incisors to the posterior hard palate

appears as a thin radiolucent line

Front 18

Nasal cavity

Back 18

large, pear shaped radiolucent area separated by the nasal septum

Front 19

Floor of the nasal cavity

Back 19

dense radiopaque band of bone above the maxillary incisors

Front 20

Nasal septum

Back 20

it may be superimposed over the medial palatal suture

Front 21

Nasal conchae

Back 21

"scroll-shaped"

located in the lower lateral portion of the nasal cavity

diffuse radiopaque projections

Front 22

Anterior nasal spine

Back 22

appears as a "V" shaped radiopaque area located at the intersection of the floor of the nasal cavity and the nasal septum

Front 23

Lip line

Back 23

may or may not be visible

Front 24

Lateral fossa "canine fossa"

Back 24

area of thin bone between the laterals and the canine

appears radiolucent due to the depression and thin bone

Front 25

Inverted "Y"

Back 25

the boundary between the nasal cavity and the maxillary sinus

Front 26

Maxillary sinus

Back 26

normally it will be dark (radiolucent)

if the pt is congested it can appear gray

the floor of the maxillary sinus is composed of dense cortical bone and appears as a radiopaque line

Front 27

Sinus septa (partitions)

Back 27

if there is a congestion these will appear grayed out

the number of septa vary depending on the individual

Front 28

Nutrient canals

Back 28

can be seen within the sinuses

they are passageways through bone that contain blood vessels and nerves and appear radiographically as a radiolucent band bounded by two thin radiopaque lines

Front 29

Maxillary tuberosity

Back 29

radiopaque buldge distal to the third molar region

Front 30

Hamulus

Back 30

hook-like projection that extends from the medial pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone

Front 31

Zygomatic process of the maxilla

Back 31

composed of dense cortical bone

appears as a "J" or "U" shaped radiopacity superior to the max. 1st molar region

Front 32

When is the only time you will see the zygomatic process of the maxilla?

Back 32

when using the bisecting angle technique

Front 33

Zygoma "cheek bone"

Back 33

appears as a diffuse, radiopaque band that extends posteriorly from the zygomatic process of the maxilla

Front 34

Genial tubercles

Back 34

serve as an attachment for muscles

appear as ring-shaped radiopacities below the apices of the mandibular incisors

Front 35

Lingual foramen

Back 35

located at the midline and is surrounded by the genial tubercles

appears radiographically as a small radiolucent dot inside of the radiopaque genial tubercles, inferior to the apices of the mand. incisors

Front 36

Inferior border of mandible

Back 36

very opaque, dense cortical bone

Front 37

Nutrient canals

Back 37

most often seen in the anterior mandible (thinner bone)

Front 38

Mental ridge

Back 38

a thick (cortical bone) radiopaque band that extends from the premolars to the midline

it often appears superimposed over the mandibular anterior teeth

Front 39

Mental fossae

Back 39

depressed area on the external surface of the mandible

appears as a radiolucent area above the mental ridge

varies depending on the thickness of bone

Front 40

Mental foramen

Back 40

normally found between the roots of the premolars

may appear at the apex of the premolar

Front 41

Mandibular canal

Back 41

two parallel radiopaque lines surround this radiolucent band extending from the mandibular foramen to the mental foramen

Front 42

Mylohyoid ridge

Back 42

appears as a dense radiopaque band that extends downward and forward from the molar region

may appear to be continuous with the internal oblique ridge

Front 43

Internal oblique ridge

Back 43

radiopaque band that extends downward and forward from the ramus on the inside of the mandible

it may end at the 3rd molars or it may continue on as the mylohyoid ridge

Front 44

External oblique ridge

Back 44

located on the external surface of the body of the mandible

the anterior border of the ramus ends in the EOR, it extends downward and forward from the ramus and ends in the 3rd molar region

Front 45

T/F: Depending on the technique the IOR and EOR may appear superimposed

Back 45

True

Front 46

T/F: If you can see both the IOR and the EOR, the EOR will be the upper line and the IOR will be the lower line

Back 46

True

Front 47

Submandibular fossa

Back 47

depressed area located on the internal surface of the mandible just inferior to the mylohyoid ridge

appears as a slightly radiolucent area (thinness of bone)

Front 48

What feature houses the submandibular salivary glands?

Back 48

Submandibular fossa

Front 49

Coronoid process

Back 49

prominence off of the anterior ramus of the mandible

may appear on a maxillary PA as a triangular radiopacity near the maxillary tuberosity