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84 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Adverse Drug Events
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injuries caused by use of a drug. Doesn't matter how severe
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Two types of ADEs
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Those caused by errors
Those caused despite proper use |
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Board of Directors
"Governing Group" |
group of people authorized by law to conduct, maintain and operate a hospital for the benefit of the public - not for personal benefit of the members
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Certificate of Need
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certificate approved by a local review board permitting hospitals to construct new or additional facilities, open new services or make large purchases. Required by Medicare
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Chief Executive Officer
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person appointed by the board of directors who has full accountability for the entire hospital or healthcare system
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Clinical Support Services
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services providing the components of patient care that collectively support the physician's plan for diagnoses and teraatments
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Continuous Quality Improvement
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system of development in the workplace for daily improving performance at every level in every operational process by focusing on meeting or exceeding customer expectations
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Department
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unit of the hospital with specific functions or specialized skills such as housekeeping, surgery, radiology or accounting
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Department Chair
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physician who represents a department or service and sits as a formal member of the executive medical staff committee; responsible for all of the medical operations of a hospital department and may oversee a residency training program
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Human Resources Department
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ancillary department of the hospital responsible for recruiting, selecting, supporting, and compensating employees. Also responsible for maintaining skills, quality and motivation as well as occupational health and safety
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The Joint Commission
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an independent not-for-prophit organization that evaluates and accredits health care organizations. It is the primary standard-setting and accrediting body in health care
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Medical Director
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physician responsible for the medical operation and quality of a hospital department or service. Also responsible for providing input regarding policies and procedures and day-to-day operations of the department
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Medical Error
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the failure to complete a planned action as intended or the use of a wrong plan to achieve an aim; can be related to incorrect diagnosis, equipment failure, infection or misinterpretation of an order
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Medical Staff
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formal organization of physicians authorized to admit and attent to patients within a hospital; have authorized privileges, bylaws, elected officers and varous committees
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Mission Statement
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statement of an organization that summarizes its intent to provide service in terms of the services it offers, the intended recipients of services and a description of the level of cost
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Occupational Safety and Health Administration
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agency that enforces standards for safety in the workplace, conducts inspections, and directs determination of fines for noncompliance
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Performance Improvement
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process of identifying and analyzing important organizational and individual performance gaps, planning for future performance improvement
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Radiology (Imaging) Department
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organization of a hospital or medical clinic that provides diagnostic imaging through medical technologies
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Service Chief
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physician responsible for overseeing a component or subdepartment of a hospital service
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Third-Party Payors
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insurance companies, Medicare or Medicaid that are the payers of inpatient and outpatient medical expences
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Total Quality Management
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management of quality in the workplace from a perspective of total involvement of every employee with a strong focus on measurement and control
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Administrative Director of Radiology
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reports to senior hospital administration and has direct responsibility and authority for operation and organization of the department
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Joint Review Committee
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group of persons appointed by sponsoring organizations to oversee the accreditation process
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Planning
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a management function that is the process of deciding in advance what is to be accomplished; charts the course of action for the future to coordinate fulfillment of goals
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Organizing
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the development of a sturcture that identifies how people do their work
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Facilitating
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describes what management does in the way of helping, assisting and expediting processes
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Staffing
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involves getting the right people to do the work and developing their abilities so they can do the work better
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Directing
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the stimulation of effort needed to perform the required work; giving instructions, and promoting understanding of what is to be done
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Controlling
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defines performance standards or guidelines used to measure progress toward the goals of the organization and measures achievement success toward these goals
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Coordinating
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process by which the manager achieves orderly group activities and unity of effort by workers
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Project Management
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Coordinating the project and instilling a cooperative spirit with interacting departtments
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State Health Department
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state regulatory agency that define rules to protect the health and safety of patients and workers
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Nuclear Regulatory Commission
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Radiation-regulating agencies for control of equipment and technologists; conducts inspections. May be a part of the department of health
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American College of Radiology Accreditation and Mammography Quality Standards Act
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awards accreditation to facilities that demonstrate a high standard of practice. All mammography facilities must be ACR accredited in order to be certified by the food and Drug Administration
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Mammography Quality Standards Act
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ensures that all women have access to high-quality mammography services.
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Safety Committee
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directs education of employees on safety policies and procedures such as storage and removal of hazardous waste
Internal Agency |
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Infection Control Committee
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regulates infection control policies and procedures and conducts epidemiologic studies for patient and employee protection
Internal Agency |
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Radiation Safety Committee
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Regulates hospital activities for radiation safety and nuclear medicine activities
Internal Agency |
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Pharmacy & Therapeutics Committee
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reviews drugs and their use in the hospital. Also regulates the hospital formulary
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Risk Management and Corporate Compliance
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manages and controls the amount of legal and financial risk to the organization. Corporate compliance ensures that the organization follows federal, state and insurance regulations
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Picture Archive and Communications Systems
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system for acquiring, archiving, interpreting and distribution digital images throughout the health system
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Attenuation
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reduction in radiation beam when passing through tissue or other materials
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Automatic Rescaling
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images are produced with uniform brightness and contrast, regardless of the amount of exposure
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Brightness
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amount of light emitted from a flat-screen monitor
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Computed Radiography
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cassette or cassette-based digital radiography that uses storage phosphor plates to produce images
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Contrast
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difference between adjacent densities on a radiographic image
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Sensity
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degree of darkening or blackness of exposed and processed film
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Digital Radiography
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cassette or cassette-less image receptor systems that convert x-ray energy into digital electronic signal for manipulation and display
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Direct Capture
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devices that convert incident x-ray x-ray energy directly into an electrical signal, which is then sent to the computer for porcessing
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Distortion
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misrepresentation of the true size or shape of an object
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Exposure Index
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a numeric representation of the quantity of exposure received by a digital image receptor
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Exposure Latitude
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the range of exposures that can be used and still result in the capture of diagnostic-quality images
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Fog
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undesirable exposure
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Grid
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a device consisting of thin lead strips designed to permit primary radiation to pass while reducing scatter radiation by absorption
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Half-Value Layer
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amount of filtration necessary to reduce the intensity of the radiation beam to one half its original value
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Image Receptor
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medium used to capture the image for recording - x-ray film or digital imaging plate
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Indirect Capture DR
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devices that absorb x-rays and convert them into light; the light is then detected by an area-charge-coupled device and is converted into an electrical signal for computer processing and viewing
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Intensifying Screen
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layer of luminescent crystals placed inside a cassette to expose x-ray film efficiently and reduce patient dose
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Inverse Square Law
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mathematic formula that describes the relationship between radiation intensity and the distance from the source
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Kilovolt Peak
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measure of the potential difference, which controls the quality and quantity of the x-ray tube
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Latent Imagw
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invisible image created after exposure but before processing
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Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA)
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Law that affects health information, privacy, security, and the establishment of standards for the electronic transmission of health information
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Milliampere-Seconds
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measurement of millamperage multiplied by the exposure time; this controls the quantity of x-ray photons produced
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Penetrating Ability
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ability of an x-ray beam to pass through an object; controlled by the kVp
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Penumbra Effect
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fuzzy edge of an object as image radiographically
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Photon
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particle of radiant energy
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Primary Radiation
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the x-ray beam after it leaves the tube, but before it reaches the object
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Radiolucent
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permitting the passage of x-rays withlittle attenuation
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Radiopaque
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not easily penetrated by x-rays
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Recorded Detail
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Representation of an object's true edges
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Relative Speed
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relative measurement of the speed of a radiographic film and intensifying screen system
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Remnant Radiation
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radiation resulting after the x-ray beam exits the object
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Resolution
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measurement of the recorded detail
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Scatter Radiation
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radiation produced from x-ray photon interactions with matter in such a way that the resulting photons have continued in a different direction
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Source-to-Image Distance
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distance from the focal spot of the x-ray tube and the image receptor
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Umbra
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true edge of an object as imaged radiographically
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Window Level
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Image manipulation parameter that changes image brightness on the display monitor
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Window Width
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image manipulation parameter that changes image contrast on the display
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4 requirements for the production of x-rays
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1) vacuum
2) source of electrons 3) method to accelerate electrons (voltage) 4) method to stop electrons (target) |
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Distance Equation
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I1/I2 = D2^2/D1^1
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Exposure Maintenance Formula
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mAs1/mAs2 = D1^2/D2^2
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Half-value Layer
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the amount of attenuating material required to reduce the intnesity of a beam to on half the original value
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Size Distortion
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Magnification
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Shape distortion
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also called true distortion; the result of the beam not aligned to 90 degrees
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