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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Your patient is traums and the doctor has ordered a c-spine. What's the first projection you do?
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Lateral
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What is the SID used for lateral projection of c-spine and why?
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72" because of the OID caused by the shoulders. This helps the radiographer obtain better recorded detail.
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Briefly decribe patient postion for lateral c-spine.
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standing, shoulders depressed, body in true lateral, chin slightly elevated.
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What is the breathing technique used for lateral c-spine?
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exhale and hold breath
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What anatomical landmark is used for locating C4?
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thyroid cartilage (adams apple)
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The lateral projection of the c-spine demonstrates what anatomy?
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all 7 cervical vertebrae and 1/3 of T1 and also Z Joints.
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The AP/PA Axial Oblique Projects of the C-spine are mainly to demonstrate what anatomy?
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Intervertebral Foramina of both sides for comparison.
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What is the SID of the oblique projections of the c-spine?
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72"
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What is the angle of the tube for a c-spine projection?
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There is no angle. CR Perpendicular to IR.
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What is the CR angulation for AP Oblique C-spine?
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15-20 degrees cephalic. 15-20 caudal for PA.
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All projections of the c-spine enter a what level?
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C4
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Describe position of patient for Oblique projections of C-spine.
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45 degree rotation of body, shoulders relaxed, chin slightly elevated.
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What are the breathing instructions for Oblique projection of c-spine?
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exhale and hold breath.
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An AP Oblique Axial C-spine will show what important anatomy?
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Intervertebral Foramina Furthest from the film.
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A Pa oblique c-spine shows what important anatomy?
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Intervertebral foramina closest to the film.
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The AP Axial Projection of C-spine shows what important anatomy?
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The intervertebral Disk spaces & vertebral bodies.
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What is the angulation of CR for a AP Axial Projection of C-spine?
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15-20 degrees cephalic. 15-20 caudal for PA projection.
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What is demonstrated on the AP Projection Open Mouth?
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odontoid, and the alanto-axial joint space.
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If you can't get the odontoid for the Open Mouth Projection. What should you then try?
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Fuch's method and shoot through the foramen magnum to get odontoid.
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Evaluation Criteria for Lateral C-spine includes:
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all 7 c-spine vertebra, z-joints superimposed, spinous processes in profile, and vertebral bodies demonstrated.
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The AP Axial Oblique projection demonstrates what pertinent anatomy?
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Intervertebral foramina and pedicles farthest from the IR.
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You would do the Fuch's method on a trauma patient if Open Mouth method didn't work?
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NOOOOO!!! NEVER DO FUCHS METHOD ON A TRAUMA PATIENT. BAD BAD BAD! DUMBASS!
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Explain position of patient for Fuch's Method:
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supine, extend the chin untilo the tip of the chin and the tip of the mastoid process are vertical.
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The Fuch's method is an alternative to demonstrate the odontoid through what anatomy?
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The Foramen Magnum of the skull.
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What does the Judd method demonstrate?
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PA projection of the dens process through the forament magnum.
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What are the methods to show the odontoid process?
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Judd
Open Mouth Fuch's |
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Why is flexion & extention done for lateral c-spine?
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Functional study done to demonstrate normal anteroposterior movement or abscence of movement resulting from trauma or disease.
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What is a precaution you should take before doing a sacrum exam?
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Be sure to empty the bladder.
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What is the CR angulation for an AP Axial Sacrum? What about PA?
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angled 15 degrees cephalic for ap and 15 degrees caudal for pa
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Can you shield on a sacrum exam?
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You can shield men, but not women.
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Where do you center for the Lateral projection of Sacrum?
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CR enters patient perpendicular at coronal plane about 3.5 inches posterior to ASIS.
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What is the centering point for ap t-spine?
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T7, level of nipples, tip of scapula, IR 2 inches above shoulder of patient.
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What are the breathing instructions for ap t-spine?
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shallowed breathing or suspend on expiration.
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What structures should be shown for ap t-spine?
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all 2 thoracic vertebra, spinous processes at midline, intervertebral disk spaces, transverse processes.
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What does keeping the patients arms at right angles to th elong axis of the body on lateral t-spine do?
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It elevates the ribs enough to clear the intervertebral foramina.
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What is the CR angle for a lateral t-spine?
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15 degrees cephalic if the spine is not supported.
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What are the structures seen on lateral t-spine?
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open intervertebral disks, open intervertebral foramina. Upper T1 & T2 not seen due to shoulders.
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Why do you do a swimmers for thoracic spine?
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the swimmers gets the lateral view of c7-t1 junction that the regular lateral t-spine does not because of shoulders.
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What is the CR angle on swimmers for thoracic spine?
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5 degrees caudal.
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What degree of obliquity is the should be done for thoracic spine
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70 from horizontal, 20 from vertical.
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The ap oblique thoracic spine shows what structures?
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z-joints farthest from the film.
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What is the CR angle for L5-S1 lumbosacral junction spot?
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when the spine is not in the true horizontal position, the cr is angled 5 degrees caudally for male patients and 8 degrees caudally for female patients.
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The bones of the vertebral column are classified as what kind of bones?
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irregular
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there are a total of how many bones in the vertebral column?
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33
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There are 4 functions of the vertebral column. What are they?
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1. support the body
2. encloses and protects the spinal cord 3. supports the head 4. provides attachments for ribs. |
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These kinds of vertebrae are the only kind with bifid spinous processes and transverse foramina
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cervical vertebrae
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