Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
the study of electromagnetic radiation on biological systems
|
radiobiology
|
|
|
5 types of radiation
|
alpha, beta, positron, gamma, x-ray
|
|
|
Exposure in air measured in?
|
Roentgen or C/kg
|
|
|
1 Roengten is how many C/kg?
|
2.58 x 10^-4 c/kg
|
|
|
What measures personal exposure?
|
R or C/kg
|
|
|
What is absorbed dose in a pt measured in?
|
rad or Gray
|
|
|
Does dose equivalant have a qualifying factor (occupational)?
|
Yes
|
|
|
What is dose equivilant measured in?
|
rem or Sv
|
|
|
What is the qualifying factor for gamma & x-ray? Alpha? Beta?
|
g & x= 1
a= 20 b= 5 |
|
|
Radioactivity measures what?
|
intensity or decay of material
|
|
|
What is radioactivity measured in?
|
Ci or Bq
|
|
|
How many Curies in a Bq?
|
3.7 x 10^10
|
|
|
What is the heaviest gas? How much heavier than air is it?
|
Radon gas
9x |
|
|
How does elevation effect cosmic radiation?
|
higher elevation, higher exposure
|
|
|
Where does the majority of unoccupational exposure come from?
|
55% radon gas
|
|
|
How much exposure comes from medical exams?
|
15%
|
|
|
N40K, 14C, and 210Pb are all ? sources of exposure?
|
Internal sources
|
|
|
Cells-> tissues-> ? -> systems
|
organs
|
|
|
Cell is made up of ? % water.
|
70-85% (study guide said 75%)
|
|
|
What is a universal solvent, dispersion medium, transportation medium?
|
Water
|
|
|
Proteins, carbs, nucleic acids, and lipids are all?
|
Organic cell compounds
|
|
|
4 parts of the cell
|
plasma
cytosol organelles inclusions |
|
|
2 functions of the plasma membrane
|
1.seperate internal from external materials
2. Regulates passage of materials in & out |
|
|
3 types of membrane lipids
|
phoshpolipids
cholesterol glycolipids |
|
|
Phospholipids
polar region is hydro____? nonpolar region is hydro___? |
hydrophilic
hydrophobic |
|
|
What does amphiapathic mean? Glycolipids are this.
|
Felxible
|
|
|
Integral and peripheral proteins determine the ? of the cell?
|
Functions
|
|
|
Name an integral protein. What do they do?
|
Glycoproteinsact as transporters & receptors
|
|
|
Which types of protein doesn't cross bilayer?
|
peripheral
|
|
|
all cellular contents between membrane and nucleus is called the ?
|
cytoplasm
|
|
|
what is cytosol
|
viscous, transparent gel-like material
|
|
|
Where do metabolic reactions take place in the cell?
|
Cytosol
|
|
|
4 specific roles of organelles?
|
growth
maintenance repair control |
|
|
Largest structure in the cell
|
Nucleus
|
|
|
responsible for direct cellular activity & transmitting genetic info
|
DNA
|
|
|
genetic code found in the ?
|
DNA
|
|
|
Where are genes found on the chromosome?
|
arms
|
|
|
centromere's job
|
aids in moving the cell during cell division
|
|
|
name the 4 nitrogen bases in DNA
|
Adenine, Thymine
Guanine, Cytosine |
|
|
What is responsible for protein synthesis?
|
Ribosomes
|
|
|
Golgi complex job
|
sacs/cisterns
process, sort, package and deliver proteins and lipids to membrane and lysosomes |
|
|
Faulty golgi complex result in what diseas
|
cystic fisbrosis
|
|
|
Lysosomes job
|
break down molecules
(40 different hydrolitic enzymes) |
|
|
Mitochondria are called the "?" of the cell. responsible for ATP production
|
Powerhouse
|
|
|
Most commonly catabolized material used in ATP production
|
Glucose
|
|
|
Name 3 inclusions
|
Melanin
Glycogen Triglycerides |
|
|
Mitosis is what kind of cell division? (nuclear division)
|
Somatic
|
|
|
meiosis is what kind of cell division?
|
Reproductive
|
|
|
Cytokinesis
|
cytoplasmic division
|
|
|
Mitotis division stages
|
Interphase, G1, S, G2
|
|
|
Phase b/w division DNA replication
|
Interphase
|
|
|
4 steps of cell divison
|
Prophase
metaphase anaphase telophase (interphase comes first) |
|
|
2 chromatids are created in what phase of cell division?
|
prophase
|
|
|
chromatids line up in center in what phase of cell division?
|
metaphase
|
|
|
chromatids go to poles in what phase of cell division?
|
Anaphase
|
|
|
nuclear envelope forms in what phase of cell division?
|
Telophase
|
|
|
3 parts of interphase
|
G1, S, G2
|
|
|
G1 of interphase what happens? What does it stand for?
|
cells grow, metabolize, produce RNA for divison
Stands for gap |
|
|
S stands for what in interphase?
|
Synthesis; chromosomes replicated
|
|
|
G2 stands for?
|
Growth
|
|
|
Last phase of all cell division
|
Cytokinesis
|
|
|
What are gametes?
|
combination of 2 haploid sex cells
|
|
|
In Meiosis what happens in prophase?
|
formation of synapses
|
|
|
Nuclear membranse disappears and a kinetochor forms dueing which phase of meiosis?
|
Pro-metaphase
|
|
|
What happens during metaphase of meiosis?
|
4 chromatids align at metphase plate
|
|
|
Chances of getting mom or dad's homologue chromosome?
|
50%
|
|
|
How many chromosomes are in each haploid?
|
23
|
