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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atoms of one element can change to atoms of another element through a process called ____________ _______. |
Radioactive decay |
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Atoms with the same number of protons and different number of neutrons are called - |
isotopes |
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Isotopes that are unstable which means that |
they are radioactive (nucleus breaks apart) |
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When the atomic nuclei of unstable isotopes release fast moving particles of energy |
Radioactive decay |
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In radioactive decay, the nuclei release fast moving |
particles and energy |
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Pierre & Marie Curie worked with - |
uranium |
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Who was the first person to work with radioactive elements? |
Henri Becquerel |
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How did Henri Becquerel experience radioactivity for the first time? |
Uranium was exposed to sunlight & fogged up film plates
1896 |
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True/False
Uranium exposes film without sunlight. |
True |
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The spontaneous emission of radiation by unstable atomic nuclei is _____________. |
Radioactivity |
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SOME minerals containing uranium were more radioactive than pure uranium. |
TRUE |
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Curie's elements - |
Radium & Polonium |
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Three types of radioactive decay - |
alpha, beta, gamma |
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What changes in the nucleus during alpha decay? |
Loss of 2 protons and 2 neutrons (______ particle) |
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What changes in the nucleus during beta decay? |
Adds one protons, loses one neutron (______ particle) |
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The lost neutron in beta decay turns into - |
beta particle |
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In alpha decay, how does the atomic number change? Mass number? |
decreases 2 , decreases 4 |
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In beta decay, how does the atomic number change? Mass number? |
increases by 1, no change |
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What is gamma radiation? |
high energy waves |
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In gamma decay, how does the atomic number change? How about the mass number? |
no change in either |
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Most penetrating type of radioactivity |
gamma rays |
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What can block alpha particles? |
Paper |
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What can block beta particles? |
5 mm aluminum sheet |
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What can block gamma rays? |
Concrete block, lead |
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What can radioactive isotopes be used for? |
Radioactive dating, tracers, treating disease |
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What is radiation therapy? |
where gamma rays are directed at cancer cells to kill them |
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What was the Manhattan Project? |
International scientists meeting to create the atomic bomb before the Nazi's could. |
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How are scientists dealing with nuclear waste? |
They are fusing it with sugar to make glass sheets which are easier to dispose and take care of. |
