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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Strong force |
causes protons and neutrons to be attracted to each other |
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radioactivity |
the process of nuclear decay
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alpha particle |
made of two protons and two neutrons
is emitted from the decaying nucleus |
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Transmutation |
is the process of changing one element to another through nuclear decay
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beta particle |
sometimes a unstable nucleus decays into a proton and emits an electron. The electron is a beta particle |
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gamma rays |
electromagnetic waves with the highest frequencies and the shortest wave lengths in the electro-magnetic spectrum
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half-life |
the amount of time it takes for half the nuclei in a sample of the isotope to decay |
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cloud chamber |
used to detect alpha and beta particle radiation |
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bubble chamber |
holds a superheated liquid, which doesn't boil because the pressure in the chamber is high
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geiger counter |
a device that measures the amount of radiation by producing an electric current when it detects a charged particle
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nuclear fission |
process of splitting a nucleus into several smaller nuclei
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chain reaction |
series of repeated fission reactions caused by the release of neutrons in each reaction
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nuclear fusion |
two nuclei with low masses are combined to form one nucleus of larger mass
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crtitical mass |
is the amount of material required so that each fission reaction produces approximately one more fission reaction
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tracer |
a radioisotope is used to find or keep track of molecules in an organism
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