Radioactive Class Of 2013

Front 1

x-ray beam after it leaves the x-ray tube and before it reaches the object?

Back 1

primary radiation

Front 2

radiation resulting after the x-ray beam exits the body?

Back 2

remnant radiation

Front 3

radiation produced from x-ray photon interactions with matter in such a way that the resulting photons have continued in a different direction. (photons that do not result in any useful information.)?

Back 3

scatter radiation

Front 4

Process by which a beam of radiation is reduced in energy when passing through tissue or other materials?

Back 4

attenuation

Front 5

Intensifying screen?

Back 5

Layer of luminescent crystals placed inside a cassette to expose x-ray film efficiently and thereby significantly reduce patient dose.

Front 6

mathematical formula that describes the relationship between radiation intensity and distance from the source of the radiation?

Back 6

Inverse Square Law

Front 7

PBL?

Back 7

Positive Beam Limitation: automatic collimation system used on diagnostic x-ray units.

Front 8

permitting the passage of x-rays or other forms of energy with little attenuation?

Back 8

Radiolucent.

Front 9

Radiopaque?

Back 9

not easily penetrable by x-rays or other forms of radiant energy.

Front 10

True border of an object as imaged radiographically?

Back 10

Umbra

Front 11

Penumbra?

Back 11

fuzzy border of an imaged radiographically.

Front 12

Invisible image created after exposure but before processing?

Back 12

Latent Image

Front 13

degree of darkening of exposed or processedphotographic or radiographic film?

Back 13

Density

Front 14

Contrast?

Back 14

difference between adjacent densities on a radiograph.

Front 15

Four requirements for the production of x-rays?

Back 15

1. vacuum (tube housing)
2. source of electrons (filament)
3. method to accelerate the electrons rapidly (voltage)
4. method to stop the electrons (target)

Front 16

Three major classifications of diagnostic radiographic imaging?

Back 16

1. film/screen radiography 2. fluoroscopic imaging 3. digital or computerized imaging

Front 17

SID?

Back 17

Anode (source) to film (IR) distance

Front 18

SOD?

Back 18

Anode to object distance

Front 19

OID?

Back 19

Object to Image

Front 20

Primary factor controlling radiographic contrast? effects quality of film?

Back 20

kV

Front 21

mAs?

Back 21

Primary factor controlling radiographic density.

Front 22

Electrical strength and penetrating ability of the primary beam is measured in?

Back 22

kV: kilovoltage

Front 23

Measures total exposure and total # of x-rays produced?

Back 23

mAs

Front 24

15% Rule?

Back 24

Increase kV 15% & 1/2 mAs
Decrease kV15% & double mAs

Front 25

Geometric radiographic quality factors?

Back 25

1. recorded detail: sharpness- representation of the objects true borders 2. distortion: misrepresentation of true size or shape of the object (elongation, magnification . . )

Front 26

Three main exposure factors controlled by radiographer? a.k.a. technique?

Back 26

mAs, kVp, and SID

Front 27

As the source to image distance becomes greater the object shrinks/grows? and the beam gains/loses intensity?

Back 27

the object shrinks as the beam moves further away, and the beam loses intensity.

Front 28

As the OID becomes greater (the beam stays put) the part is ____________?

Back 28

Magnified

Front 29

mAs reciprocity?

Back 29

Any combination of Milliamperage(mA) and time (s) producing equivalent mAs values should produce equivalent exposures and therefore densities.

Front 30

Penetrating ability?

Back 30

Ability of the x-ray beam to pass through an object, controlled by the kVp of the beam. Polyenergetic (high and low energy photons)

Front 31

Butter Gun?

Back 31

When distance increases, less butter (less intense beam) and more buttered slices (beam divergence)

Front 32

Inverse Square Law?

Back 32

The intensity (mrads) of a beam of radiation is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source.

Front 33

Fog?

Back 33

unwanted exposure or film densities. Scatter photons that strike the film emulsion and create nondiagnostic images.

Front 34

Grid?

Back 34

device consisting of thin lead strips designed to permit primary radiation to pass while reducing scatter radiation.

Front 35

Half-value layer?

Back 35

amount of filtration neccessary to reduce the intensity of the radiation beam to one half its original value. A beam modification