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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lumbar vertebrae are the largest vertebrae; holds most of the body weight. L5 has the largest _ |
Body |
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The intervertebral foramina sit a _ degrees from the MSP; these are the spaces between the two pedicles when two vertebrae are stacked on top of each other, the openings(foramina) are formed by the superior vertebral notch of one vertebrae and the inferior vertebral notch of another vertebrae. They are best demonstrated at this degree of rotation in lateral view. |
90 degrees |
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The zygopophyseal joints are formed by the 2 _ _ and the _ _
They lie at 30 to 50 degrees from MSP on the lumbar spine; the upper lumbar vertebrae lie more at a 50 degree angle and the lower lumbar lie more at 30 degrees. For radiography at _ degree angle will best demonstrate the zygopohyseal joints. |
inferior articulating
superior articulating
45 degree |
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The portion of the lamina between the superior and inferior articulating processes is called the _ _ |
pars interarticularis |
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There are _ sets of sacral foramina
The alae or wings are located lateral to the first sacral segment
The two seperior articular process of the sacrum articulate with the inferior articular process of the _th lumbar vertebrae to form a zygapophyseal joint |
4
5th |
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The anterior ridge of the first sacral segment is the _ _
The sacral canal is located _ to the body of the first sacral segment; which is a continuation of the spinal canal
the median sacral cresut is formed by the fusion of the _ _ |
Sacral promontory
Posterior
Spinous process |
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The sacrum articulates with the _ at the auricular surface
The sacral horns(_) represent the inferior articular process of the 5th sacral segment; these will articulate with this part of the coccyx |
ilium
cornau= Corn New |
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Each SI joint opens obliquely posteriorly at an angle of _ degrees |
30 degrees |
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(Coccyx) The base is superior while the apex is _
The base has _ transverse processes projecting laterally |
inferior
2 |
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To be sure your oblique is at 45 degrees, a _ _ must be visualized
Neck-pars interarticularis Ear-Superior articular process Eye-pedicle Nose-_ Front leg- Inferior articular process |
Scotty dog
Transverse process |
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Zygapophyseal joint is formed by the front leg of the superior Scotty dog and the _ of the inferior Scotty dog |
Inferior |
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Zygapophyseal joints are synovial;_
Intervertebral joints are Cartilaginous joints_
SI joints are synovial, Mobility type _ |
Diarthrodial
Ampithrodial
Ampithrodial
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Intervertevral foramina are visualized on a _ degree lateral
Zygapophyseal joints are visualized on a _ Radiograph
Anterior obliques show the upside joints Posterior obliques show the down side |
90 degree
oblique |
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Use a _ degree oblique for a general lumbar radiograph
Use a _ degree oblique to best visualize L1-L2
Use a _ degree oblique to best visualize L5-S1
Reasoning: L1 is closer tot the thoracic vertebrae, which require 70-75 degree obliquity to visualize the zygapophyseal joints |
45
50
30 |
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Symphysis pubis is at the level of Mid_; the greater trochanter is about _" superior to the symphysis pubis
ASIS is the same level as the 1st or 2nd sacral segment |
Coccyx
1" |
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Illiac crest is at the same level as _-_
Lower costal margin is at the level of _-_ |
L4-L5
L2-L3 |
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The cogenital condition where the posterior aspects of vertebrae fail to develop, causing the spinal cord to be exposed
occurs mostly at L5 |
Spinal Bifida |
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This is caused by hyperflexion that causes a fracture through the vertebral body and posterior aspects of verterbra. Typically from a lapbelt during MVA |
Chance Fracture |
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Caused by movement of one vertebrae in relation to another
Most common at L5-S-1 |
Spondylolisthesis
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This is caused by lack of development of the vertebral arch and separation of the pars interarticularis
On an oblique radiograph, it appears as if the dog's neck is broken |
Spondylolysis |
