Rad 103 Chapter 10

Front 1

How far above the top of the shoulders should the IR be for a decubitus projection of the chest?

Back 1

1 1/2 to 2 inches

Front 2

How far above the top of the shoulders should the IR be for a supine AP radiograph?

Back 2

1 1/2 to 2 inches

Front 3

Where should the top of the IR be for an AP oblique projection of the lungs?

Back 3

1 1/2 to 2 inches above the vertebral prominens or 5 inches above the jugular notch.

Front 4

Which clearly demonstrates an AP/PA oblique projection of the lungs?

Back 4

Both lungs are included and the trachea is filled with air.

Front 5

What is the recommended SID for a PA chest projection?

Back 5

72 inches

Front 6

Each lung is divided into segments called _____.

Back 6

Lobes

Front 7

What is the space between the pleural walls called?

Back 7

Pleural cavity

Front 8

Smallest subdivision of the bronchial tree is the ____.

Back 8

Terminal bronchial

Front 9

The costophrenic angle is part of what organ?

Back 9

Lungs

Front 10

Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged by?

Back 10

Diffusion of the walls of the alveoli.

Front 11

Thoracic cavity is enclosed with a shiny, slippery lining called the ____.

Back 11

Serous membrane

Front 12

The thoracic cavity contains...

Back 12

The heart, thymus gland, and inferior esophagus.

Front 13

Which must be clearly demonstrated on an x-ray projection done using the decubitus position?

Back 13

Lungs must be in full inspiration (full of air), arms must be out of the way, and it must have identification showing which decubitus position.

Front 14

Which are required to produce a radiograph for the decubitus position?

Back 14

The x-ray beam must be horizontal and the patient must be in a recumbent position.

Front 15

What is the respiration phase for an AP or lateral projection in the decubitus position?

Back 15

Full inspiration

Front 16

Which side of the patient's chest is placed against the IR for a ventral/dorsal decubitus lateral position?

Back 16

The side affected (affected side down)

Front 17

What is the patient position for a lateral projection of the dorsal decubitus position?

Back 17

Supine

Front 18

The radiographic projections performed using the decubitus positions are?

Back 18

Lateral, AP, and PA

Front 19

If the lateral decubitus position is used to demonstrate free air in the lung, which side does the patient lie on?

Back 19

The unaffected side because air rises.

Front 20

If the lateral decubitus position is used to demonstrate fluid in the lung, which side does the patient lie on?

Back 20

The affected side because fluid sinks.

Front 21

How long should the patient remain in one position?

Back 21

5 minutes

Front 22

How is the CR postitioned for a projection when the patient is in the decubitus position?

Back 22

The CR should be horizontal.

Front 23

If the patient can't be placed in the lordotic position for a projection of the pulmonary apices, what CR angle should be used?

Back 23

10 to 20 degress cephallic

Front 24

What repiratory phase is used for an AP axial projection of the pulmonary apices?

Back 24

Inspiration

Front 25

How far should the patient stand in front of the grid before leaning backward into the lordotic position?

Back 25

1 foot

Front 26

When you angle the patient for the lordotic view, what is the CR angle at?

Back 26

0 degrees

Front 27

What is observed in a supine AP chest radiograph?

Back 27

The clavicles project higher and the lungs appear shorter.

Front 28

What is the SID for an AP chest projection?

Back 28

72

Front 29

An AP oblique projection in the RPO position corresponds to (is the same as)?

Back 29

PA LAO

Front 30

In a PA oblique projection the site of interest is generally...

Back 30

Farthest from the IR

Front 31

In an AP oblique projection the site of interest is generally...

Back 31

Closest to the IR

Front 32

When the patient is properly positioned for a PA oblique projection of the chest, where does the CR enter the body?

Back 32

Midway between the lateral surface of the elevated side of the spine.

Front 33

What is the CR angle for AP/PA oblique projections of the chest?

Back 33

0 degrees

Front 34

What is the degree of rotation of the body for a PA oblique cardiac series?

Back 34

55 to 60 degrees

Front 35

How many degrees is the body rotated for routine AP/PA oblique projections?

Back 35

45 degrees

Front 36

What plane must be accurately parallel to the IR to prevent distortion of thoracic structures during a lateral chest exam?

Back 36

The midsagittal plane

Front 37

How many ribs are above the diaphragm in a PA chest projection?

Back 37

10 ribs

Front 38

The optimal respiration phase for a PA or lateral chest projection is?

Back 38

Full inspiration or 2nd breath

Front 39

What CR angle is used for a PA projection of the chest?

Back 39

0 degrees

Front 40

Where should the hands be placed for a PA projection of the chest?

Back 40

Back of hands should be placed on hips.

Front 41

How far above the shoulders should the top of the IR be postitioned for a PA or lateral projection?

Back 41

1 1/2 to 2 inches

Front 42

What are the advantages of 72 SID?

Back 42

Less magnification of the heart and a sharper outline of lung structure.

Front 43

Which exposure technique is required to penetrate all of thoracic anatomy?

Back 43

High kV

Front 44

What radiographs are used when a small amount of free air in the pleural cavity is suspected?

Back 44

An AP projection in full inspiration and another AP projection in full expiration.

Front 45

Why is the left lateral chest position most commonly used for lateral chest projections?

Back 45

Because the heart is closest to the IR.

Front 46

What is the most optimal position to capture the heart and lungs?

Back 46

Upright

Front 47

Which best describes the position of the thymus gland?

Back 47

Behind the manubrium sterni

Front 48

Where is the esophagus located?

Back 48

Behind the trachea

Front 49

What is not included in the mediastinum?

Back 49

Larynx and daiphragm

Front 50

Which is included in the mediastinum?

Back 50

Heart and esophagus

Front 51

What is the name of the tongue-shaped process in the interior medial border of the left lung?

Back 51

Left lingula

Front 52

What is the name of the double wall serous membrane that encloses the lung?

Back 52

Pleura

Front 53

The right lung is how much shorter than the left lung?

Back 53

1 inch because of the liver

Front 54

The part of the lung that extends above the clavicle is?

Back 54

The apex

Front 55

The lungs are composed of a spongy substance called?

Back 55

Parenchyma

Front 56

After entering the hylum each primary bronchus divides. How many primary branches are in the right lung?

Back 56

3

Front 57

The hook-like process on the last tracheal process is called?

Back 57

Carina

Front 58

Where is the trachea located in relation to the esophagus?

Back 58

Anterior

Front 59

The respiratory system properly consists of?

Back 59

Larynx, trachea, bronchi, and both lungs

Front 60

The thoracic viscera consists of?

Back 60

The lungs and mediastinum

Front 61

Don't forget to study the lung structures on pages 501-503!

Back 61

Good luck on the test! :)