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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a pannus?
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Invading granulation (proliferating inflammatory) tissue present in RA joints
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Describe the progression of RA in three steps?
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1. Soft-tissue swelling, underlying bone is intact
2. Continued swelling, thinning of bone cortex 3. Erosion of bone head, clear joint space narrowing |
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What are the 5 main changes in an RA joint?
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- Increased blood vessel formation
- Infiltration of synovium by leukocytes - Thickening of synovial tissue - Formation of pannus - Cartilage degredation and bone erosion |
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What is the synovium?
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A connective tissue between the joint capsule and the joint space. It lines all inner joint surfaces. It has a thin lining layer facing the joint space made of macrophage and fibroblast-like synovial cells
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What happens to the synovium in RA?
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It undergoes hyperplasia (increased proliferation) and hypertrophy (increased size). It thickens to 6-8 cells thick from 1-2
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What are the environmental factors contribute to RA?
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- Smoking (CCP's)
- Silica/asbestos - Coffee reduces risk - Diet - Infections (epstein barr virus) |
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What are the actions of an activated macrophage?
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Releases TNF alpha which
- increases adhesiveness of endothelial cells - increases angiogenesis - chondrocyte activation (MMP degrade cartilage) - osteoclast activation (bone resorption) - induction of hepcidin - prostaglandin production - chemokine and cytokine release |
