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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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"For greatness, Mr. Speaker, I think a man may speak it soberly and without bravery, that his kingdom of england, having Scotland united, Ireland reduced, the sea provinces of the Low Countries contracted, and shipping maintained, is one of the greatest monarchies, in forces truly esteemed, that hath been, in the world...Neither is the opinion of Machiavelli to be despised, who scorneth that proverb of state...that monies are the sinews of war; and saith 'There are no true sinews of war, but hte very sinews of arms of valiant men'."
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Bacon
Speech Concerning General Naturalization [of the Scots] |
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"We are much beholden to Machiavelli and others, that write what men do, not what they out to do...as for philosophers, they make imaginary laws for imaginary commonwealths; and their discourses are as the stars, which give little light because they are so high."
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Bacon
Advancement of Learning |
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"everything I have written is straw"
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Thomas Aquinas
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"I believe so that I may understand"
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Augustine
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"For we see men, in those activities that carry them towards the goal they all share, which is the acquisition of glory and riches, proceed differently"
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Machiavelli
The Prince |
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"Our next task is to consider the policies and principles a ruler ought to follow in dealing with his subjects or with his friends. Since I know many people have written on this subject, I am concerned it may be thought presumptuous for me to write on it as well, especially since what I have to say, as regards this question in particular, will differ greatly from the recommendations of others. But my hope is to write a book that iwll be useful, at least to those who read it intelligently, and so I thought it sensible to go straight to a discussion of how things are in real life and not waste time with a discussion of an imaginary world"
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Machiavelli
The Prince |
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"the ends justify the means"
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Machiavelli
The Prince |
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"So a ruler need not have all the positive qualities I listed earlier, but he must seem to have them. Indeed, I would go so far as to say that if you have them and never make any exceptions, then you will suffer for it; while if you merely appear to have them, they will benefit you. So you should seem to be compassionate, trustworthy, sympathetic, honest, religious, and, indeed, be all these things; but at the same time you should be constantly prepared, so that, if theses become liabilities, you are trained and ready to become their opposites"
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Machiavelli
The Prince |
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"for the end which this science of mine proposes is the invention not of arguments but of art; not of things in accordance with principles, but of principles themselves; not of probably reasons, but of designations and direction for works. And as the intention is different so, accordingly, is the effect; the effect of the one being to overcome an opponent in argument, of the other to command nature in action."
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Francis Bacon
The Great Instauration |
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"The requests I have to make are these. Of myself I say nothing; but in behalf of the business which is in hand I entreat men to believe what tit is not an opinion to be held, but a work to be done; and to be well assured that I am laboring to lay the foundation, not of any sect or doctrine, but of human utility and power."
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Francis Bacon
The Great Instauration |
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"what was a question once is a question still, and instead of being resolved by discussion is only fixed and fed; and all the tradition and succession of schools is still a succession of masters and scholars, not of inventors and those who bring to further perfection the things invented."
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Francis Bacon
The Great Instauration |
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"the only hope therefore lies in the recreation of the sciences"
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Francis Bacon
The Great Instauration |
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"But the universe to the eye of the human understanding is framed like a labyrinth, presenting as it does on every side so many ambiguities of way, such deceitful resemblances of objects and signs, natures so irregular in their lines and so knotted and entangled. And then the way is still to be made by the uncertain light of the sense, sometimes shining out, sometimes clouded over, through the woods of experience and particulars"
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Francis Bacon
The Great Instauration |
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"In circumstances so difficult neither the natural force of man's judgment nor even any accidental felicity offers any chance of success. No excellence of wit, no repetition of chance experiments, can overcome such difficulties as these. Our steps must be guided by a clue, and the whole way from the very first perception of the senses must be laid out upon a sure plan."
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Francis Bacon
The Great Instauration |
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"...but rather that the understanding being thereby purified and purged of fancies and vanity; and yet not the less subject and entirely submissive to the divine oracles may give to faith that which is faith's"
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Francis Bacon
The Great Instauration |
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"Philosophy and the intellectual sciences, on the contrary, stand like statues, worshiped and celebrated, but not moved or advanced. Nay, they sometimes flourish most in the hands of the first author, and afterwards degenerate. From when men have once made over their judgments to others' keeping, and have agreed to support some one person's opinion form that time they make no enlargement of the sciences themselves, but fall to the servile office of embellishing certain individual authors and increasing their retinue."
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Francis Bacon
The Great Instauration |
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"Nor to imagine that this instauration of mine is a thing infinite an beyond the power of man, when it is in fact the true end and termination of infinite error; and seeing also that it is by no means forgetful of the conditions of mortality and humanity (for it does not suppose that the work can be altogether completed within one generation, but provides for its being taken up by another); and finally that it seeks for the sciences not arrogantly in the little cells of human wit, but with reverence in the greater world."
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Francis Bacon
The Great Instauration |
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"Good works do not make a man good, but a good man does good works"
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Luther
On Christian Liberty |
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"a Christian is justified by faith alone"
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Luther
On Christian Liberty |
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"Let us consider it certain and firmly established that the soul can do without anything except the world of God and that where the word of God is missing there is not help at all for the soul."
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Luther
On Christian Liberty |
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"God cannot be received than cherished by any works whatever but only by faith. Therefore it is clear that as the soul needs only the world off god for its life and righteousness, so it is justified by faith alone and not any works; for if it could be justified by anything else, it would not need the word, and consequently it would not need faith."
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Luther
On Christian Liberty |
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"therefore the moment you being to have faith you learn that all things in you are altogether blameworthy, sinful, and damnable, as the Apostle says in Romans, "since all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God and none is righteous not one; all have turned side, together thy have gone wrong"
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Luther
On Christian Liberty |
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"Christ is full of grace, life and salvation. The soul is full of sins, death, and damnation. Now let faith come between them and sins, death, and damnation will be Christ's, while grace, life, and salvation will be the soul's"
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Luther
On Christian Liberty |
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"Good works do not make a good man, but a good man does good works; evil works do not make a wicked man, but wicked man does evil works."
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Luther
On Christian Liberty |
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"Although the Christian is thus free form all works, he ought in this liberty to empty himself to take upon himself the form of a servant be made in likeness of men, be fore in human form, and to serve, help, and in every way deal with his neighbor as he sees that God through Christ has dealt and still deals with him. This he should do freely, having regard for nothing but divine approval."
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Luther
On Christian Liberty |
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"A Christian is a perfectly free lord of all, subject to none. A Christian is a perfectly dutiful servant of all, subject to all."
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Luther
On Christian Liberty |
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“ But, to this end, it will not be necessary for me to show that the whole of these are false--a point, perhaps, which I shall never reach; but as even now my reason convinces me that I ought not the less carefully to withhold belief from what is not entirely certain and indubitable, than from what is manifestly false, it will be sufficient to justify the rejection of the whole if I shall find in each some ground for doubt.”
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Descartes
Meditations on First Philosophy |
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"But it is not enough simply to have realized these things' I must take steps to keep myself mindful of them. For long-standing opinions keep returning, and, almost against my will, they take advantage of my credulity, as i ti were bound over to them by long use and the claims of intimacy. Nor will I every get out of the habit of assenting to them and believing in them, so long as I take them to be exactly what they are, namely, in some respects doubtful, but nevertheless highly probably, so that it is much more consonant with reason to believe them than to deny them."
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Descartes
Meditations on First Philosophy |
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"I will suppose not a supremely good God, the source of truth, but rather an evil genius, supremely powerful and clever, who has directed his entire effort at deceiving me. I will regard teh heavens, the air, the earth, coors, shapes, sounds, and all external things as nothing but the bedeviling hoaxes of my dreams, which which he lays snares for my credulity."
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Descartes
Meditations on First Philosophy |
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"I suppose that everything I see is false. I believe that none of what my deceitful memory represents ever existed. I have no senses whatever."
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Descartes
Meditations on First Philosophy |
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"But how do I know there is not something else, over and above all those things that I have just reviewed concerning which there is not even the slightest occasion for doubt?"
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Descartes
Meditations on First Philosophy |
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"Is it then the case that I too do not exist? But doubtless I did exist, if I persuaded myself of something."
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Descartes
Meditations on First Philosophy |
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“But even now I do not deny that these ideas are in me. Yet there was something else I used to affirm…namely, that certain things existed outside me, things from which those ideas proceeded and which those ideas completely resembled. But on this point I was mistaken”
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Descartes
Meditations on First Philosophy |
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“And certainly, because I have no reason for thinking that there is a God who is a deceiver, the basis for doubting, depending as it does merely on the above hypothesis, is very tenuous and, so to speak, metaphysical. But in order to remove even this basis for doubt, I should at the first opportunity inquire whether there is a God, and, if there is, whether or not he can be a deceiver. For if I am ignorant of this, it appears I am never capable of being completely certain about anything else.”
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Descartes
Meditations on First Philosophy |
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“Continual success in obtaining those things which a man from time to time desireth, that is to say, continual prospering, is that men call Felicity; I mean the felicity of this life. For there is no such thing as perpetual tranquility of mind, while we live here, because life itself is but motion, and can never be without desire, not without fear, no more than without sense. What kind of felicity God hath ordained to them to them that devoutly honour Him, a man shall no sooner know than enjoy, being joys that now are as incomprehensible as the word of school-men beatifical vision is unintelligible.”
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Hobbes
Leviathan |
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“There is no such thing as perpetual tranquility of the mind”
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Hobbes
Leviathan |
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“To which end we are to consider that the felicity of this life consisteth not in the repose of a mind satisfied. For there is no Finis ultimus (utmost aim) nor Summum Bonum (greatest good) as is spoken of in the books of the old moral philosophers. Nor can a man any more live, whose desires are at an end, than he whose senses and imaginations are at a stand. Felicity is a continual progress of the desire, from one object to another, the attaining of the former being still but the way to the latter”
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Hobbes
Leviathan |
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“The see their own wit at hand and another’s at a distance”
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Hobbes
Leviathan |
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“If any two men desire the same thing which nevertheless they cannot both enjoy, they become enemies; and in the way to their end, which is principally their own conservation, and sometimes their delectation only, endeavor to destroy or subdue one another”
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Hobbes
Leviathan |
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“Hereby it is manifest that during the time men live without a common power to keep them all in awe, they are in that condition which is called war, and such a war as is every man against every man. For war consisteth not in battle only or the act of fighting, but in a tract of time wherein the will to contend by battle is sufficiently known. And therefore, the notion of time is to be considered in the nature of war, as it is in the nature of weather, For as the nature of foul weather lieth not in a shower or two of rain but in an inclination thereto of many days together, so the nature of war consisteth not in actual fighting, but in the known disposition thereto during all the time there is no assurance to the contrary”
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Hobbes
Leviathan |
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“Let him therefore consider with himself – when taking a journey, he arms himself, and seeks to go well accompanied; when going to sleep, he locks his doors; when even in his house, he locks his chest; and this when he knows there be laws, and public officers, armed, to revenge all injuries shall be done him – what opinion e has of his fellow subjects, when he rides armedl of his fellow citizens, when he locks his doors; and of his children and servants, when he locks his chests. Does he not there as much accuse mankind by his actions, as I do by my words?”
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Hobbes
Leviathan |
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“He that complaineth of injury from his sovereign complaineth of that whereof he himself is author, and therefore ought not to accuse any man but himself is author, and therefore ought not to accuse any man but himself; nor himself of injury, because to do injury to one’s self is impossible. It is true that they that have sovereign power may commit iniquity, but not injustice, or injury in the proper signification”
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Hobbes
Leviathan |
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“No man that hath sovereign power can justly be put to death, or otherwise in any manner by his subjects punished. For seeing every subject is author of the actions of his sovereign, he punisheth another for the actions committed by himself”
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Hobbes
Leviathan |
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“But though this be a state of liberty, yet it is not a state of license; thought man in that state have an uncontrollable liberty to destroy himself, or so much as any creature in his possession, but where some nobler use than its bare preservation calls for it”
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John Locke
Second Treatise of Government |
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“it is one thing to persuade, another t command; one thing to pres with arguments, another with penalties. This civil power alone has a right to do; to the other goodwill is authority enough. Every man has commission to admonish, exhort, convince another of error, and by reasoning to draw him into truth…but penalties are no ways capable to produce such belief. It is only light and evidence that can work….”
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John Locke
A Letter Concerning Tolerance |
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“yet if I be not thoroughly persuaded thereof in my own mind, there will be no safety for me in the following it. No way whatsoever that I shall walk in, against the Dictates of the conscience, will ever bring to the mansions of the blessed…remedy can have no effect upon the patient, if his stomach reject it as soon as he takes it”
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John Locke
A Letter Concerning Tolerance |
