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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
allotrophs
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different forms of the same element
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compoud
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2 or more elements chemically joined together
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a mineral canbe...
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an element or a compound
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what are ways to identify minerals?
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luster, cleavage, streak test
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luster
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metallic or nonmetallic
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cleavage
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the way a mineral breaks
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if a rock breaks evenly it has..
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cleavage
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if a rock breaks unevenly it has...
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fracture
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what is thebest fest for a mineral?
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hardness
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what is the softest mineral
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talc
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what is the hardest mineral
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diamond
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is a mineral organic or inorganic
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inorganic
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how are the atoms of minerals arranged
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in an orderly pattern
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what affects the structre of a mineral?
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temp
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what shape is a silicon-oxygen structual unit in?
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a pyramid
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what factor causes flat surgaces to be produced when some minerals are broken?
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the arrangement of the atoms of the minerals
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how will minerals differ if they have the same units arranged in different patterns?
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one mineral will have some physical properties different from the other
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why do diamond and graphite have different physical properties, even though they are composed entirely of the element carvon?
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the mienrals have different arrangement sof carbon atoms
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what causes the characteristic crystal shape and cleavage breaking along flat surfaces of the mineral halite?
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the internal arrangemnet of the atoms in halite
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two mineral samples have different physical properties, but each contains the silicate tetrahedrons as its basic structural unit. whhat statemnet about the two mineral samples must be true?
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they contain silicon and oxygen
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the hardness of a mineral is due to
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the internal arrangement of its atoms
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why do igneous rocks have different textures?
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bc of where they form
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how do igneous rocks form?
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from solidification of liquid magma or lava
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what does the cooling rate of magma dtermine?
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the crystal size of the igenous rock
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intrusive
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large crystals
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how do you get intrusive rocks?
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if the magma cools deep underground
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extrusive
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small crystals
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how do you get extrusive rocks?
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if the rock forms on the surface from lava
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what is the cooling rate for extrusive?
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fast
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what is teh cooling rate for intrusive?
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slow
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glassy
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if the laval cools super fast the rock will have no crystals
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vasicular
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igenous rocks w/ holes
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