Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
132 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Are solid pharmaceutical dosage forms containing drug substances with or without suitable diluents and are prepared either by compression or molding |
Tablet |
|
Two types of tablets |
Molded Compressed |
|
Advantage of tablet |
|
|
Disadvantage of tablet |
|
|
Usually made from moist material using triturate mold that gives them the shape of cut sections of a cylinder |
Molded tablet |
|
Molded tablets is aka as |
Tablet triturates |
|
Types of molded tablet |
Dispensing Hypodermic |
|
Supply primarily as a convenience for extemporaneous compounding |
Dispensing tablet |
|
Example of molded tab |
Bichloride of mercury |
|
Used for solutions for injections |
Hypodermic tab |
|
Ex. Of hypodermic tab |
Morphine tab for inj |
|
Formed by the process of pressing |
Compressed tab |
|
Factor influencing the variety of compressed tab |
Manner of use Specific mode of axn |
|
Tablets recommended to speed up disintegration by breaking or mastication |
Chewable tab |
|
Tablet base which is sweet as glucose |
Mannitol |
|
True or False Mannitol has a pleasant cooling sensation due to positive heat of solution. Then what is the degree of it? |
False -28.9 cal/g at 25 °C |
|
Similar to buccal tab tab but placed underneath the tongue |
Sublingual tab |
|
Example of sublingual tab |
Nitroglycerin and isoproterenol HCl |
|
Inserting into the buccal pouch to dissolve or erode slowly |
Progesterone tab Fentora ( Fentanyl citrate ) |
|
Small tab compressed without excipients |
Pellets or implantation tab |
|
Formulated tab and shaped tab which are inserted into the vaginal canal |
Vaginal tab or inserts |
|
Prepared by the compression of several different granulations fed into die in succession, one top of the other in layers |
Multiple layered tab |
|
Compressing additional granulation on a previous compressed granulation |
Layered tab |
|
Prepared by feeding previously compressed tablets into special tabletting machune |
Press coated tab |
|
Compressed tab containing sugar coating |
Sugar coated |
|
Covered with thin layer film of water sol material |
Film coated tab |
|
Advantage of sp oral tab |
|
|
Advantage of compressed tab |
|
|
Employed produce CO2 by chem rxn |
Effervescent tab |
|
Two method of manuf effervescent tab |
Wet fusion Heat fusion or dry method |
|
Acids added in the wet fusion |
Citric and tartaric |
|
Blending of all components with inclusion of ______ |
15-25% of citric acid monohydrate |
|
Used for preparing solutions or imparting given char. To sol must be labeled to indicate that they are noy be swallowed |
Soluble tab |
|
Administration of a single dosage unit provides immediate release often amount of drugs that promptly produced the desired therapeutic effect |
Sustained released tablet or prolonged action tab |
|
Prevented for an interval of time |
Delayed axn tab |
|
Periodically release a complete dose |
Repeat axn tab |
|
Continuous release |
Extended released tab |
|
Drug release directed towards the iso or conc a drug in a body |
Targeted released |
|
Mixture of acetone and drug substance coated onto small inert beads made up of combi of sugar and starch |
Coating agent |
|
Process by solids, liq or gases maybe encapsulated into microscopic size particle |
Microencapsulation |
|
Ex of microencapsulation |
Spansules ( sk and french) Modules( upjohn) Tempules( armour) Sequels( lederle ) |
|
Drug intended to have sustained axn |
Embedded drug in slowly eroding matrix |
|
Example of Embedded drug in slowly eroding matrix |
Lontabs ( by ciba) Space tabs( sandoz) Endurates ( geigy) Dosepan ( merill) |
|
____/Granulated with an inert plastic material such as ___,____,_____ |
Embedded drug in an inert plastic matrix Polyethylene Polyvinyl acetate Polymethacrylate |
|
Ex of Embedded drug in an inert plastic matrix |
Gradumett ( abott) |
|
Drug substances chem combined with certain other chem agents |
Formation of slowly dissolving chem complexes |
|
Sol of cationic drug |
Use of ion exchange resins |
|
For storing the granulation |
Hopper |
|
For distributing the granulation material |
Feed shoe |
|
For controlling the size and most important part of the machine |
Die |
|
For compacting granulation material |
Punches |
|
Guiding the punches |
Cams |
|
These machine offer great advantage |
Multi station rotary tablet machine |
|
Gradually evolved into models capable of compressing tablets at high production rates |
High speed rotary tabletting machine |
|
Capable of producinv multiple layered tablets |
Double rotary |
|
Transport of the material thru hopper - feed frame |
Fluidity |
|
Property of forming a stable |
Compressibility |
|
Stable and does not react with most medicinal substances |
Lactose |
|
Other name of lactose |
Lactosum saccharum lactis |
|
Employed as binders and disintegrants. Contains 12-14% of water |
Starch |
|
Provide additional sweetness but it's main use is as binder because of it's cohesive property |
Sucrose |
|
This is another sugar for sp situation due to its high cost. For chewable tab |
Mannitol |
|
Very expensive tablet diluent 5-15% wet granulation |
Microcrystalline cellulose or avicel |
|
Conc is 95-96% Prolong the release of tablet Base for chewable tab due to sweet taste and pleasant mouth feel |
Celutab or hydrolyzed starch + dextrose |
|
Substance that glue powders together |
Binder |
|
Compressed tab to cause them to break apart |
Disintegrant |
|
Cause rapid disintegration of tab but loss of bonding, cohesion and hardness |
Starch |
|
Best disintegrant choice |
Starch |
|
Swelling in water |
Agar |
|
Improve the rate flow |
Lubricant |
|
Scratch marks on the tab edges and screeching sound |
Poor lubricating |
|
Water insoluble lubricant |
Stearates Stearic acid Talc Sterotex |
|
Water sol lubricant |
Boric acid Sodium benzoate Carbowax 4000&6000 Sodium acetate |
|
Blue #1 |
Brilliant blue |
|
Blue #2 |
Indigotine |
|
Green #3 |
Fast green |
|
Red#2 |
Amaranth |
|
Red #3 |
Erythrosine |
|
Red#40 |
Allura red |
|
Yellow #5 |
Tartrazine |
|
Yellow #6 |
Sunset yellow |
|
Water sol colorants |
Dyes |
|
Water insol colorants |
Lakes |
|
Max of ___ sol dyes |
.03% |
|
Least likely to show mottling |
Pastel color |
|
Oils and spray dried beadlets |
Flavors |
|
Accentuate fruit flavors and unmask aster taste because of sweet sour taste |
Citric acid |
|
300-400x sweeter than sucrose and produce bitter after taste |
Saccharin |
|
200x sweeter than sucrose |
Aspartame |
|
Capable of holding |
Adsorbent |
|
Method applicable to tablet ing that are sensitive to moisture |
Dry granulation method / pre-compression |
|
Crystalline substance like inorg salts maybe compressed directly |
Direct compression |
|
Api are sensitive to heat moisture |
Granulation by compression |
|
Compacted mass |
Slugs |
|
Consist of two rollers controlled by hydraulic drums |
Chilsonator |
|
Most widely used methos of tab prep |
Wet granulation method |
|
Consist of bringing together a highly dispersed liquid |
Spray drying |
|
Form of pelletization |
Spheronization |
|
Tab coating that resist dissolution in the stomach |
Enteric coated tab |
|
Compressed tab coated with thin layer |
Film coated tab |
|
Aqueous process during which the tab cores are thoroughly wetted |
Sealing |
|
Generally water insol polymer |
Tablet sealants |
|
Very commonly used and best in combi with PVP |
Shellac |
|
Necessary for having a completely smooth profile |
Subcoating |
|
Methods of subcoating |
App of gum/sucrose App of susp of dry powder |
|
Perfectly smoothby successive app of dilute syrup |
Smoothing or grossing |
|
Most important step in successful completion of sugar coating process |
Coloring |
|
For identification since intended monogram is not feasible |
Printing |
|
For plain film coating |
Acrylate based polymer |
|
Well known material for film coating |
Povidone USP |
|
Not widely used film coating |
Na carboxymethyl cellulose |
|
Combi with other film former |
Polyethylene glycol |
|
Not sol in slightly acid ph media |
Shellac flakes |
|
Composed of synthetic and semi synthetic polymers |
CAP |
|
Convey the film former uniformly |
Solvents |
|
Improve the quality of the film onto tab |
Plasticizer |
|
Form smooth thin film under ordinary coating |
CAP |
|
Water permeability |
PEG |
|
Flexibility and elasticity of coating |
Plasticiser |
|
Spreadability of film during app |
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan deviation |
|
Tablet elegance and distinctive |
Colorant and opaquant |
|
Provide luster |
Glossant |
|
Allow spread of other components |
Vol solvent |
|
Partial or complete separation of top or bottom of tab |
Capping |
|
Sep of tab into two or more distinct layers |
Lamination |
|
Removal of the edges of the tab |
Chipping |
|
Removal of the material from the surface of the tab |
Picking |
|
Adhesion of the tab |
Sticking |
|
Unequal distrib of color |
Mottling |
|
Unsatisfactory granulation |
Weight variation |
|
Imprinted again |
Double impression |
|
Pressure force req to break a tab |
Hardness or crushing strength test |