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83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Structures in posterior wall of middle ear
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pyrimidal eminence
facial canal opening for chorda tympani mastoid antrum |
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structures in roof of middle ear
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epitympanic recess
tegmen tympani |
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structures in floor of middle ear
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jugular fossa
carotid canal |
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structures in medial wall of middle ear
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promontory
oval window round window facial prominence ridge for lateral semicircular canal tympanic plexus |
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structures in lateral wall of middle ear
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tympanic membrane
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structures in anterior wall of middle ear
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petrotympanic fissure
tensor tympani canal auditory tube carotid canal |
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CN XII
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hypoglossal
motor hypoglossal canal tongue muscles except palatoglossus |
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CN V
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Trigeminal
V1: opthalmic: superior orbital fissure V2: maxillary: foramen rotundum V3: mandibular: foramen ovale, muscles of mastication |
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CN I
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olfactory
sensory cribiform plate smell |
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CN IV
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trochlear
motor superior orbital fissure superior oblique |
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CN VI
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abducens
motor superior orbital fissure lateral rectus |
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CN VII
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facial
both internal acoustic meatus S: taste ant. 2/3 of tongue, outer tympanic membrane, soft palate m: facial expression, stapedius parasympathetic: lacrimal, sublingual, submandibular glands |
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CN IX
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glossopharyngeal
both jugular foramen s: taste post 1/3 tongue, int. tympanic membrane, pharynx m: stylopharyngeus parasympathetics: parotid gland |
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CN III
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occulomotor
motor superior orbital fissure EOM except LR and SO Parasympathetics: constrict pupil/accomodation |
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CN X
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vagus
both jugular foramen s: pharynx, larynx, external ear, thoracic/abdominal viscera m: palatoglossus parasympathetics: thoracic/abdominal viscera |
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CN II
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optic
sensory optic canal sight |
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CN VIII
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vestibulocochlear
sensory internal acoustic meatus hearing/balance |
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CN XI
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accessory
motor jugular foramen SCM, trapezius |
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arterial supply of dura
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middle meningeal artery
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structures that pass through cavernous sinus
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CN VI, internal carotid
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structures that pass through wall of cavernous sinus
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trigeminal nerve, occulomotor nerve, trochlear nerve
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what is subarachnoid space filled with?
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CSF
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what do blood vessels to brain travel in?
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subarachnoid space
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What do internal carotid arteries end as?
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anterior and middle cerebral arteries
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what are anterior cerebral arteries connected by?
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anterior communicating arteries
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what do vertebral arteries make?
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basilar artery
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what does basilar artery divide to make?
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posterior cerebral artery
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what do posterior communicating arteries connect?
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posterior cerebral arteries to internal carotid arteries
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what makes CSF?
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choroid plexus
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where is spinal fluid absorbed?
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arachnoid granulations
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where is superior orbital fissure?
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between greater and lesser wing of sphenoid
to middle cranial fossa |
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where is optic canal?
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in lesser wing of sphenoid
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where is inferior orbital fissure?
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between zygomatic and maxillary bone
to pterygopalatine fossa |
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where is anterior and posterior ethmoid canal?
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in ethmoid
to upper nasal cavity |
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where is zygomatic foramen?
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zygomatic bone
to face |
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where is lacrimal cnal?
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between lacrimal and maxillary bone
to inferior meatus of nose |
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where do rectus muscles of eye originate?
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tendinous ring
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course and action of superior oblique
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arises just above medial aspect of ring
passes through trochlea and runs posterolaterally to insert on sclera Intorts |
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course and action of inferior oblique
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arises from anteromedial floor of orbit and runs posterolaterally to inferior side of eyeball.
Extorts |
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origin and insertion of levator palpebrae
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above tendinous ring --> tarsal plate of upper lid
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innervation of levator palpebrae
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sympathetic nerves
tonically active |
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innervation to extraoccular muscles except superior oblique and lateral rectus
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CN III
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innervation of superior oblique
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CN IV
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innervation of lateral rectus
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CN VI
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Branches of nasociliary nerve
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long posterior ciliary nerves
anterior and posterior ethmoidal nerves supraorbital supratrochlear lacrimal sensory limb of corneal reflex |
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parasympathetic supply to lacrimal gland
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from CN VII via zygomatic nerve
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layers of eyelid
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orbital septum
tarsal plate conjunctiva muscles of face |
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innervation of external ear
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auriculotemporal nerve
great auricular and lesser occipital nerves vagus |
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sensory innervation of tympanic membrane
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external: auriculotemporal nerve
internal: tympanic branch of CN IX |
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what is base of stapes applied to?
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oval window
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origin, insertion, action, and innervation of tensor tympani
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ant. wall of middle ear --> handle of malleus
tightens TM to reduce oscillations CN V3 |
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origin, insertion, action, and innervation of stapedius
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posterior wall within pyramidal eminence --> stapes
restricts movement of stapes CN VII |
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sensory innervation to middle ear cavity and auditory tube
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tympanic plexus from CN IX
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course of facial nerve
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enters temporal bone via internal acoustic meatus, travles within facial canal between cochlea and semicircular canals and then towards middle ear, turning abruptly at genu
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what branches does facial nerve give off in facial canal?
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nerve to stapedius
chorda tympani |
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what fills membranous labyrinth?
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endolymph
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what fills space between bony and membranous labyrinths?
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perilymph
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What are maculae?
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receptors for balance found in utricle and saccule
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what are cristae?
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receptors for balance found in semicircular ducts
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where are vestibular division cell bodies?
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in vestibular ganglion in internal acoustic meatus
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Layers of the eye
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conjunctiva
sclera cornea uveal layer choroid, ciliary body, iris outer pigmented and inner retina proper |
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Anterior chamber of eye
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cornea to iris
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posterior chamber of eye
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iris to lens, zonular fibers, and ciliary body
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what fills anterior and posterior chambers of eye?
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aqueous humor
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what fills space posterior to lens?
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vitreous humor
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Layers of cornea
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stratified squamous epithelium
Bowman's membrane Stroma Descemet's membrane simple squamous endothelium |
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what is strongest refracting layer of the eye?
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cornea
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what does contraction of ciliary body do?
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makes lens round
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Parts of the lens
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capsule: refractile; thick BM with type IV collagen
subcapsular epithelium: simple cuboidal Lens fibers: long, thin, flat cells that lose nuclei and contain crystallin |
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focus behind retina
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hyperopia = "farsighted"
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focus in front of retina
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myopia = "nearsighted"
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what creates aqueous humor?
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epithelial cells covering ciliar processes on ciliary body--derived from retina
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where does aqueous humor drain?
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canals of schlemm
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Layers of iris
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irregular outer layer with pigment cells and fibroblasts
CT with melanocytes Vascular layer of loose CT Epithelial layer with pigment and myoepithelium (dilator pupillae) |
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Where is sphincter pupillae?
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circular muscle in margin of iris
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Layers of retina
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Pigmented: prunes rods and cones
Retina proper with gangion cell layer, bipolar cell layer, rods and cones with outer segment with lamella, inner segment wiht nuclei |
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what is ora serratia?
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line where retina ends anteriorly
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what is pars plana?
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part of eye between ciliary process and ora serratia
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sensory receptor organs for hearing and balance
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organ of corti--sound
maculae--linear acceleration cristae ampullares--angular acceleration |
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what is pars flaccida?
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small portion of tympanic membrane superior to lateral process of malleus that does not contain CT
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what is apex of cochlea called?
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helicotrema
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what produces endolymph?
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stria vascularis
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where is endolymph resorbed into venous blood?
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endolymphatic sac
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