Quiz 2/14

Front 1

One way for thorax to expand

Back 1

Vertically-superior inferior dimension

Not manipulated by bony portion, depends on diaphragm muscle

Front 2

Primary muscle of inspiration

Back 2

Diaphragm

Front 3

Forced expiration muscles

Back 3

Internal intercostals and abdominal muscles

Front 4

Diaphragm

Back 4

Broad, thin dome shaped muscle that separates lung from abdomen

Front 5

Action of diaphragm

Back 5

Pushes abdominal wall out, lifts lower ribs, increases rib cage volume

Front 6

What happens when muscles around the diaphragm contract?

Back 6

The thoracic cavity is altered in size and diaphragm contracts.

Front 7

Where does diaphragm originate?

Back 7

Xiphoid process and costal cartilages from ribs 7-12, lumbar vertebrae

Front 8

Insertion of diaphragm

Back 8

Medically to central tendon

Front 9

Apeneurosis

Back 9

Sheet like tendon, layers of flat broad tendon

Front 10

Sterna portion of central tendon

Back 10

From xiphoid process of sternum

Front 11

Costal portion of central tendon

Back 11

Costal area of the cartilages of the last 6 ribs

Front 12

Vertebral portion of central tendon

Back 12

Originated from upper lumbar vertebrae from corpus of L1-L4 and transverse process of L1

Front 13

What do openings of diaphragm do?

Back 13

Allow for descending aorta, esophagus, arteries, and inferior vena cava

Front 14

Where are inspiration muscles located?

Back 14

Neck and chest

Front 15

Role of external and internal intercostals

Back 15

Effect space between the ribs. Connect ribs to each other. Elect are the ribs at inferior attachment.

Front 16

External intercostals origin

Back 16

Between ribs, there are 11 pairs. Begins at inferior portion of the rib bone then connects to superior rib bone

Front 17

Serratus posterior superior origin

Back 17

Spinous process of c7-t3

Front 18

Serratus posterior superior insertion

Back 18

Ribs 2-5 on to the angle of the rib, then muscles will pull ribs upward

Front 19

Costal elevators

Back 19

Also called levator costarum because they elevate the costal area, 2 parts brevis and longis

Front 20

Brevis

Back 20

Fibers come from transverse process of c7-t11 then insert at the dorsal aspect of the ribs

Front 21

Longis

Back 21

Originate from transverse process of t7-t10 and inserts at the dorsal aspect of the ribs

Front 22

Sternocleidomastoid

Back 22

Accessory muscle of the neck

Elevation of sternum increases anterior and posterior thoracic cavity

Front 23

Origin and insert of sternocleidomastoid

Back 23

Origin: anterior surface of the manubrium and upper sternal ends of clavicle

Insertion: vertically up to the mastoid process of temporal bone

Front 24

Scalenes

Back 24

Name means uneven. Has 3 different parts: anterior, middle, and posterior. All originate from cervical vertebrae

Front 25

Anterior fibers of scalenes

Back 25

Originate from transverse process c3-c6 and insert to rib 1

Front 26

Middle fibers of scalenes

Back 26

Originate from transverse process of c2-c7 and insert at rib 1

Front 27

Posterior fibers of scalenes

Back 27

Originate from transverse process of c5-c7 and insert to rib 2

Front 28

Normal (quiet) breathing is....

Back 28

A passive process. No muscular contraction is involved. Dependent on elasticity of the lungs, allowing them to naturally return to their original position

Front 29

Forced expiration is....

Back 29

Active, needs muscular contraction. Happens in higher levels of inhalation

Front 30

Interchondral portion of internal intercostals works in....

Back 30

Inspiration

Front 31

Interosseous portion of internal intercostals

Back 31

Differentiates from the cartilage that connects the sternum and the bony part of the ribs. Expiratory function

Front 32

Anterior posterior dimension in forced exporation

Back 32

Pulls down on ribs in the back and inside of the thoracic cavity

Front 33

Superior inferior dimension in forced expiration

Back 33

All abdominal muscles pull down the thoracic cavity to decrease the thoracic portion of the body

Front 34

Role of transverse thoracic and serratus posterior inferior

Back 34

Work opposite serratus posterior superior muscle

Front 35

Transverse thoracis origin and insertion

Back 35

Origin at inner body of the sternum

Insertion at interchondral area of ribs 2-6 laterally

Front 36

Subcostal portion of thoracic wall

Back 36

Origin at angle of the ribs and inserts below second or third rib

Front 37

Posterior portion of thoracic wall

Back 37

Near the spinal cord

Front 38

Serratus posterior inferior origin and inseritonn

Back 38

Origin from spinous process of t11 and t12 and l1-l3

Insert to lower margin of ribs 7-12

Front 39

Serratus posterior inferior origin and inseritonn

Back 39

Origin from spinous process of t11 and t12 and l1-l3

Insert to lower margin of ribs 7-12

Front 40

Function of serratus posterior inferior

Back 40

To pull down the back portion of the ribs

Front 41

Boundaries of the abdomen

Back 41

Bounded below the diaphragm and above the pelvis. Form a wall anteriorly between pelvis and lower rib cage

Front 42

Why are boundaries of the abdomen important?

Back 42

Attach to Skelton and other structures through abdominal apeneurosis, where all muscles from abdomen are attached together

Front 43

Function of anterolateral abdominal group

Back 43

Anchors lower ribs to resist forces of diaphragm

Front 44

Quadratus lumborum

Back 44

Part of posterior abdominal group. Quadrilateral shape and flat sheet at dorsal aspect of adbokinal walls

Front 45

Quadratus lumborum origin and insertion

Back 45

Origin: iliac crest

Insertion: transverse process of l1-l4 and the lowest ribs

Front 46

Two portions of abdominal apeneurosis

Back 46

Linea alba-middle portion

Linea semilunaris-lateral portion

Front 47

Lumbodorsal fascia

Back 47

Two layer sheet on lower portion of the vertebral column

Front 48

Role of apeneurosis for muscle fibers

Back 48

Muscle fibers insert into apeneurosis, which splits to the bones of the pelvic girdle, vertebral column, sternum and ribs

Front 49

4 muscles that attach to the iliac crest of pelvic girdle

Back 49

External oblique

Internal oblique

Transverse abdominis

Text us abdominis

Front 50

External oblique

Back 50

Wraps around torso and inserts at ribs 5-12 in posterior portion to abdominal apeneurosis then to iliac crest

Strongest and largest abdominal muscle and most superficial

Front 51

Role of external oblique

Back 51

Compress abdominal contents and bend and rotate torso

Front 52

Internal oblique muscle

Back 52

Deep to external oblique and works with it. Comes from iliac crest and inserts to apeneurosis and cartilage of ribs 8/9 to 12

Front 53

Rectus abdominis

Back 53

Begins at pubic symphysis and inserts at xiphoid process and rib area 5-7

Front 54

Transverse abdominis

Back 54

Very deep. Arises from iliac crest then lumbodorsal fascia and inserts deep inside of apeneurosis