Quiz 1 Hist 120

Front 1

Roanoke

Back 1

1st attempt at an English colony in America, mysteriously disappeared

Front 2

John Smith

Back 2

Soldier/commoner, kept in shackles during journey to Virginia due to intent to mutiny. Led Jamestown.

Front 3

Pocahontas

Back 3

Native American princess and daughter of Powhatan, allegedly saved John Smith from execution

Front 4

Powhatan

Back 4

Powerful chief who united at least 13,000 Native Americans in the area near Chesapeake Bay

Front 5

Samuel Champlain

Back 5

Explorer and founder of New France

Front 6

Pilgrims

Back 6

Mayflower puritans that first came to New England in 1620, separatists.

Front 7

Puritans

Back 7

Zealous protestants/Calvinists that wanted to reform Church of England, but not separate from it.

Front 8

Squanto

Back 8

Wamponog native who spoke English and functioned as a translator.

Front 9

John Withrop

Back 9

Elected governor of Mass. in 1620 who believed in a "city on a hill" ideal Christian community, emphasized charity and brotherhood.

Front 10

Ann Hutchinson

Back 10

Dissenter, accused ministers of works > grace, led a home Bible study because "god told her she was right." Banished to Rhode Island.

Front 11

Roger Williams

Back 11

Dissenter, minister and separatist, favored religious choice and had good relationship with Native Americans. Founded Rhode Island.

Front 12

Mercantilism

Back 12

System of closed trade that promoted government regulation of nation's economy for the purposes of power.

Front 13

Junipero Serra

Back 13

Founded the first California mission in SD 1769

Front 14

George Whitefield

Back 14

English minister that declared "the whole world his parish," sparked the Great Awakening through religious emotionalism.

Front 15

Jonathan Edwards

Back 15

Mass. congregationalist minister, "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" sermon, pioneered intensely emotional style of preaching.

Front 16

Fort Duquesne

Back 16

Current day Pittsburgh. Starting place of the 7 Years' War.

Front 17

James Wolfe

Back 17

British Army officer held responsible for victory over the french in the Battle of Quebec during the 7 Years' War, called Hero of Quebec

Front 18

William Pitt

Back 18

Wartime political leader of Britain during 7 Years' War, prime minister of England.

Front 19

Aminism

Back 19

The belief in the existence of individual spirits that inhabit natural objects and phenomena.

Front 20

Columbian Exchange

Back 20

The transatlantic flow of goods and people that began with Columbus' voyages in 1492

Front 21

Black Legend

Back 21

Idea that the Spanish New World empire was more oppressive toward the Natives than other European empires; used as justification for Euro. expansion

Front 22

Pueblo Revolt

Back 22

Uprising in 1680 in which Pueblo Indians temporarily drove Spanish colonists out of modern-day New Mexico

Front 23

House of Burgesses

Back 23

Representative government of Virginia that enabled all free men to vote

Front 24

Mayflower Compact

Back 24

1st written frame of government, Pilgrim men going ashore agreed to obey "just and equal laws" enacted by representatives of their choosing

Front 25

Great Migration

Back 25

1629-1642, in which 21,000 Puritans emigrated from England to Mass.

Front 26

Half-Way Covenant

Back 26

Allowed for baptism and subordinate membership for grandchildren of those who emigrated during Great Migration, compromising early Puritanical beliefs (ancestry > religious conversion)

Front 27

King Phillip's War

Back 27

Began in 1675 with an Indian uprising against white colonists. A multi-year conflict, the end result was broadened freedoms for white New Englanders and the dispossession of the region's Indians

Front 28

Navigation Acts

Back 28

Passed by English Parliament to to control colonial trade and bolster the mercantile system

Front 29

Lords of Trade

Back 29

A committee of inquiry tasked to investigate the decline of trade.

Front 30

Covenant Chain

Back 30

A series of treaties between the Iroquois and British-American colonies to bring peace and support trade.

Front 31

Dominion of New England

Back 31

King James II attempted to consolidate all of the New England colonies (Mass., Conn., RI, NH) into one large colony. Took away rights of the people in those colonies until Glorious Revolution ended it.

Front 32

Society of Friends

Back 32

Quakers, religious group that thought all people had the "inner light", all about abolition of slavery and rights of women. Penn = proprietary colony, quakers in Pennsylvania.

Front 33

Middle Passage

Back 33

The stage of the "triangular trade" in which millions of people from Africa were shipped to the New World as part of the Atlantic slave trade.

Front 34

Stono Rebellion

Back 34

Slavery uprising in 1739 in South Carolina that led to severe tightening of the Slave Code and temporary imposition of a prohibitive tax on imported slaves.

Front 35

Salutary Neglect

Back 35

The initial way in which England ruled over the Colonies

Front 36

Deism

Back 36

Belief in the existence of a god based on the evidence of reason and nature only, with rejection of supernatural revelation.

Front 37

Middle Ground

Back 37

A borderland, a place where numerous peoples and cultures coexist.

Front 38

Albany Plan of Union

Back 38

A plan to place the British colonies under a more centralized government. 7 representatives of 13 adopted the plan, but it was never carried out. First important proposal to put the colonies under a collective whole.