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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Biology
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The study of life and living organisms.
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microscope
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instrument that forms an enlarged image of an object
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calculating magnification
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magnification of objective lens times 10
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how many types of microscopes are there name each type
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3 ,compound light, transmission electron, scanning electron
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Transmission electron microscope
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transmits a beam of electrons trough a thinly sliced specimen
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Scanning Electron microscope
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scans the surface of an object with a beam of electrons and makes a 3-d image
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cell culture
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a population of identical cells grown in a lab
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centrifuge
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separates the cells parts by spinning cells at a high speed
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scientific sample
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way of using a small sample to represent the whole pop. must be large and random
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observation
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use of 1 or more of the 5 senses to view/observe objects or events
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hypothesis
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possible explanation about an observation in the form of a testable statement; usually if,then.
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theory
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explanation based on results from experiments. This might explain the why something happens... but not the how.
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controlled experiment
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An experiment where comparison of a control group with an experimental group gives the results.
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dependent variable
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results of experiment and it is on y-axis
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independent variable
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manipulated variable and it is on the x-axis
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parts of the microscope
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eyepiece,body tube,nose-piece,arm,base,diaphragm,stage,objective-lens,coarse and fine adjustment knob,lamp(light source)
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scientific method(steps)
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hypothesize,predict the results,observe the experiment, preform the experiment.
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homeostasis
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organism staying in a stable condition
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What do organisms need to live and preform all life fuctions?
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energy
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prediction are stated as...
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if ____, then _____
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x and y axis
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x independent variables and y dependent variable
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(Scientific) laws
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A statement that is definitive and explains how something happens.
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Safety precautions
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Report any and all accidents & never screw around in a lab
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activation energy
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The minimum amount of energy required to start a reaction.
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enzyme
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catalysts in the body that can be reused.
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catalysts
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Are used to reduce the amount of activation energy needed for reaction and speed up a reaction
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what must be added for chemical reactions to occur?
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reactants
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solute
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substance that is being dissolved. Some examples are sugar and salt.
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solvent
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substance that is being used to dissolve the solute. An example is Water.
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pH scale
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Determines how acidic or basic a solution is by measuring the amount of hydronium ions in a substance.
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pH of 0-6
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acidic solution 0 being the most acidic.
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pH of 7
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Basic
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pH of 8-14
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basic solution 14 being the most basic
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enzyme reactions
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These reactions depend on the fit between enzyme and substrate. (like a puzzle piece kind-of)
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substrate
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the reactant being catalyzed
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active site
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this is where the reactant and enzyme meet and start the reaction.
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When can enzymes be destroyed?
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Enzymes can be destroyed if their environment changes; Temp changes or pH changes.
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all organic compounds contain
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carbon
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ATP
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adenosine tri-phosphate. ENERGY
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What does ATP turn into when it is used?
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ADP adenosine di-phosphate
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Carbohydrate
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provide energy for living things, made of simple sugars(glucose)
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Carbs are...?
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polysaccharides
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What is a simple sugar?
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monosacharide
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Sugar in plants (stored)
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glucose
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Sugar in humans (stored)
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glycogen
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starch
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polysaccharide
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proteins
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Made up of different combinations of amino acid; these are needed for growth and and to repair tissues. These are found in enzymes, muscles and hormones.
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lipids
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store energy and are made from fatty acids these cannot be dissolved in water. (Found in cells membranes)
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nucleic acids
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stores hereditary info of the cell. used to SYNTHESIZE or make proteins.
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