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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Disadvantages of content analysis |
Authenticity//credibility//representativeness Potential for invalid conjectures, especially involving latent meanings Difficult to answer "why" question |
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Coding reliability issues |
Intercoder reliability // intracoder reliability |
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Intercoder reliability |
The same as content independently coded by two coders |
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Intracoder reliability |
The same content coded by the same coder |
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Cohen's Kappa |
Usefull for two coders and no missing data |
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Krippendorffs alpha |
Usefull for more than two coders |
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Computer- based content analysis |
Computer program searches and codes text Problems: reliability and validity |
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Devising coding schemes |
The categories must be mutually exclusive & exhaustive The introduction must be clear The unit of analysis must be clear |
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Where does quantitave content analysis starts from? |
Theory |
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What does content analysis consist of? |
Text & written documents// images// movies,tv programs, etc// webpages// Facebook etc// |
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Omnibus surveys |
• Surveys comprised of many small surveys • researchers can include one or a small number of questions into a large survey •cheap |
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Census |
•Surveys entire population •very expensive |
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Mail surveys |
•no interviewers needed •standardized (one version) •slow, low response rate, expensive •many illiterate responses in many countries |
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Face to face surveys |
Location: home//street - time consuming - costly -more representative than phone or online interviews in many countries |
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Online surveys |
-fast to conduct -cheap -the interview does not require to be transcribed - they tend to have a high dropout rate, although it is fairly easy to get back to respondents once they have started the process -some people don't have access to the internet |
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Téléphone Surveys |
-cheap -easy to supervise -can reduce bias -some people don't have cellphones -cannot exceed about 30min |
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Respondent problems in structured interviews and questions |
Acquiescence: the respondent is just trying to please the researcher Social desirability: respondents may be reluctant to provide a sincere answer if doing so will make them appear to be unlikely or bad people. Laziness or boredom: may prevent a respondent from given a genuine response. |
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Coding |
Transforming a measurement into numbers |
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Questionnaires |
-Contain a list of surveys questions and answers -used to administer surveys -helpful in analyzing survey data |
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Standardized structure interviews |
-Reduce error due to interview variable. -characteristics of the interview may influence the response given |
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Standardized/structured interviews and questionnaires |
Used in survey research |
