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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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first pharyngeal cleft forms
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external ear canal
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first pharyngeal pouch forms
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middle ear cavity and the auditory tube
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Second pharyngeal cleft forms
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covered over by overgrowth of the second pharyngeal arch
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defect causing a lateral cervical cyst, which is seen on the lateral side of the neck along the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
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failure of the second pharyngeal cleft to close
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Second pharyngeal pouch forms
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tonsillar fossa of the pharynx
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mass in the anterior midline of the neck, slightly above the larynx; mobile and elevates upon protrusion of the tounge
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thyroglossal duct
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mech of anemia in infections
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bacteria eat iron
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clonidine effect on insulin lvls
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alpha2 agonist inhibits insulin secretion
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volvulus age
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eldery
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congenital pyloric stenosis age
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3-4 weeks
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Hirschsprung's disease age
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in the first few days-> failure to pass meconium
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Intussusception
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~ 10 days
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Klinefelter Cx
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testicular biopsy shows sparse, completely hyalinized semineferous tubes with a complete absence of germ cells and only rare Sertoli cells
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medication with digoxing causing PVCs
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furosemida-> hypocalemia
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BP 50/undet
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shock
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BP 95/80
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AS, reduced systolic pressure with preserved diastolic, since the levt ventricle is unable to pump a normal amount of blood through a stenotic valvular orifice
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antibody titer to delta agent
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HBsAg or HBV, active chronic dz
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bilateral acoustic neuromas
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NF-II in 90%, located in 22q
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renal diffuse cortical necrosis
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DIC
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kidney area affected most severely in sickle cell
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medulla-> papillary necrosis
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Kussmaul+, pulsus paradoxus-, pericardial knock
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constrictive pericarditis
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Decreased arterial P, invreased systemic venous pressure, Pulsus+, kussmaul's sign-
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cardiac tamponade
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superficial fascia is made of
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Camper's, Scarpa
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Camper's is____
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fatty
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Scarpa's is________
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fibrous
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Below superficial fascia
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deep fascia, invests abdominal musculature
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Path to appendectomy
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Campers-> Scarpa-> internal oblique-> transversalis fascia-> parietal peritoneum
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where is middle meningeal artery
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middle cranial fossa; branch of the maxillary, enters through foramen spinosum
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anterior cranial fossa receives
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central processes of the bipolar neurons that form the olfactory nerve
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inferior orbital fissure contains
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contains veins that communicate with the venous plexuses in the pterygopalatine and infratemporal fossae
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posterior cranial fossa contains
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brainstem and cerebellum; vertebral arteries
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vertebral arteries intracranial path
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enter the posterior fossa through the foramen magnum, uniting and forming the basilar artery
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Superior orbital fissure contains
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ophthalmic vein, CNs 3,4,6
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liver zone 3
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central vein, contains P450, most sensitive to ischemic injury
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liver zone 2
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intermediate, second area most sensitive to ischemic injury
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liver zone 1
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periportal, most sensitive to toxic injury
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liver area shows infiltration with hepatitis
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periportal
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Ito cells
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fat-containing mesenchymal cells located in the space of Disse, vitA storage (liver)
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drug of choice for myoclonic syndromes
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valproic acid, non-sedating
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Cardiogenic hoarseness
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MR/MS-> enlarged LA
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hip muscle whose fascia infected after spinal infection
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psoas major
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psoas major function
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flex the thigh at the hip
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hip abductors
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Gluteus medius, maximus
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Hip adductors
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adductors longus, brevis, magnus
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Hip extensors
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gluteus maximus
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Hip internal rotators
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gluteus minimus, pectineus, and gracillis
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calcified pleural plaques and preferential involvement of the lung bases
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asbestosis
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y-shaped uteurs
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bicornuate uterus
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why bicornuate uterus spontaneous abortions
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results in defective placental implantation
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immune cell involved in granuloma
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TH1
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nose, flesh-colored lesion about 1cm in diameter, with a rolled edge and central ulceration
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basal cell carcinoma
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cell receptor type most likely to increase firing rate
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escitatory amino acids, NMDA
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antibodies directed against the basement membrane regions of the skin
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bullous pemphigoid (Type II hypersensitivity)
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phrenic nerve roots?
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C3-C5
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innervation of upper 2/3 of esophagous
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striated, vagus
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innervation of lower 1/3 of esophagous
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smooth, splanchnic plexus
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