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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are 4 families of viruses with segmented genomes?
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1. reovirus
2. orthomyxovirus 3. bunyavirus 4. arenavirus |
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how do you calculate the 95% confidence interval?
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mean±Z(S/N^0.5)
95%ci: Z=2 99%Ci: z=2.5 |
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phenylenediamine test:
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for oxidase-positive colonies, it turns black:
1. campylobacter 2. helicobacter 3. cholera 4. neisseria (all enterobacteriaceae are oxidase negative) |
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how is coagulase tested for?
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fibrin production:
1. staph aureus 2. yersinia pestis |
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what is the test for lecithinase?
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Nagler's reaction, to distinguish c. perfringens from other agents of myonecrosis
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what is H2O2 used to test for?
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catalase test to tell betwee strep (-) and staph (+)
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most common cause of malignant external otitis?
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p. aeruginosa
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what are the picornaviruses? what are they composed of?
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PEE Co RnA (Polio, Entero, Echo, COxsackie, RhiNo, Hep A)
1. poliovirus 2. echoviruses 3. rhinoviruses -ss linear positive sense RNA -non-enveloped 27-nm icosahedrons with 60 subunits that replicate in the cytoplasm |
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what is the mnemonic to remember positive-sense RNA viruses?
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Call Pico and Flo To Come Right away
Calicivirus Picovirus Flavirus Togavirus Coronavirus Retrovirus |
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what are the ds DNA viruses?
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Pox
Herpes Adeno |
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what are the ds RNA viruses?
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Reovirus
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what is ss DNA virus?
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Parvovirus
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what is ss negative sense RNA?
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orthomyxoviruses
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what is the mneumonic for hepatitis viruses?
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A Pick Be Hind Can Find...Ed Hides Geff Finds
A Pico B Hepadna C Flavi D incomplete E hepe G flavi |
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previously healthy Southwestern US who developes septic shock or pulmonary disease should be evaluated for what?
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plague (yersinia pestis)
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fifth disease symptoms in:
kids adults immunocompromised organism: |
kids: slapped cheed
adults: arthralgia and arthritis (like RA) immunocomp: RBC aplasia parvovirus B19 |
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what are the unique features of poxvirus?
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1. brick shaped
2. enveloped DNA 3. replicates DNA in the cytoplasm using virion associated transcriptase |
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what is the primary stain in the acid-fast staining technique?
what is the secondary stain in the acid-fast technique? |
1. carbolfuchsin
2. methylene blue |
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what are the 5 most important that are acquired by lysogeny?
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ABCDE
1. O-Antigen of Salmonella, shigA-like toxin 2. botulinum exotoxin 3. Cholera toxin 4. Diptheria toxin 5. Erthrogenic toxin of Streptococcus pyogenes |
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what is type I error?
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alpha:
rejecting the null hypothesis when it is really true -the chance of type I error=p-value |
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what is type II error?
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beta:
failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is really false -the change of a type II error=1-power |
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leptospira interrogans morphology:
disease" |
gram negative spirochete with hooks
-causes Weil's disease: jaundice, bleeding, renal failure and skeletal muscle necrosis (from urine in water exposure) |
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how does mumps virus attach to host cells?
what sort of virus is it? |
hemagglytinin-neuramindiase glycoprotein
-paramyxoviridea |
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what is the most common cause of meningitis is renal transplant patients in the US?
what is the test for it? |
crytococcus neoformans
-latex particle agglutination |
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what is tzanck used to diagnose?
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herpesvirus infection, detects multinucleated giant cells
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mneumonic plan F
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5 co-factors that are part of pyruvate dehydrogenase
P TPP (decarboxylase) L ipoic Acid (accepts acetly, acetyl CoA is the final electron acceptor A cid NAD (oxidizes FADH2->NADH2) FAD (oxidizes lipoic acid->FADH2) |
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Tender Loving care for Nancy (cofactors are in order)
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TPP
Lipoic Co enzyme A FAD NAD (note most positive delta E is NAD, because it ends up with electrons at end of reaction) |
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match vitamin with co-factor
TPP lipoic acid Co-enzyme A FAD NAD |
1. TPP: thiamin B1
2. lipoic acid: B4 3. CoA: panthotenic acid: B5 4. FAD: riboflavin: B2 5. NAD: Niacin: B3 |
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what is RDA
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amount needed to prevent disease from deficiency in 95% of population)
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thiamine deficiency:
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beriberi (B1)
wet: cardiac failure dry:polyneurtis |
