Q2 Drugs - S/e

Front 1

Aminoglycosides

Back 1

Nephrotoxicity, Ototoxicity (reversible except w/fam. hist)

Front 2

Cephalosporins

Back 2

Penicillin allergy, N/V, secondary genital infection, Colitis/bleeding, redness, edema

Front 3

Quinolones/Fluoroquinolones

Back 3

Phototoxic, Nephrotoxic, Ototoxic, Oral candidiasis, Achilles tendonitis

Front 4

Vancomycin

Back 4

Red man syndrome (burning rx), nephrotoxicity

Front 5

Macrolides

Back 5

Palpitations, Chest pain, Abd. problems

Front 6

Opiate Agonists

Back 6

Constipation, Urine rentention, Dependence, CNS dep, Orthostatic hTN, Pruritis from release of histamines

Front 7

Opiate Agonist-Antagonists

Back 7

CNS depression, High doses can = dysphoria, hallucinations & HTN. Ceiling effect where drug reaches max effect but s/e continue

Front 8

Opiate Antagonist

Back 8

HTN, Tachycardia, Withdrawals, Sweating. Trexan: Hepatotoxicity, muscle/joint pain, Delayed ejaculation

Front 9

Sympatholitic Agents (include Central Acting, Ganglionic Blocking, Beta-blockers, Alpha-blockers, Norepinephrine depleters)

Back 9

Headache, Men: decreased libido, E.D., Women: sleep probs, palpitations

Front 10

Vasodilating Agents (include Direct vasodilators, Ca+ channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, Angiotension II Antagonists)

Back 10

Headache, Muscle spasms, Tachycardia

Front 11

Direct Vasodilators

Back 11

Minoxidil: Hyperthecosis (may decrease after 3-6 mos)

Front 12

Ca+ Channel Blockers

Back 12

hTN

Front 13

ACE Inhibitors

Back 13

hTN, Dry cough, Hyperkalemia, Angioedema that can progress to anaphylaxis, Decreased taste sensation

Front 14

Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers

Back 14

hTN, Hyperkalemia

Front 15

Adrenergic / Sympathomimetic Drugs

Back 15

Epinephrine: Hyperglycemia/ketoacidosis, Tachycardia, HTN = stroke

Front 16

Heparin

Back 16

Allergic rx leading to low blood count, Paradoxic effect of more thrombosis, Thrombocytopenia (H.I.T), Long term: allopecia, osteoporosis, bleeding

Front 17

Lovenox

Back 17

Bleeding, Pain at inj. site

Front 18

Coumadin

Back 18

Flatulence, Diarrhea, Hematuria, Melenic stools

Front 19

Antiplatelet Drugs

Back 19

Bleeding, ASA toxicity = dizziness, tinnitis

Front 20

Thrombolytic Agents

Back 20

1 - Allergic Rx. 2- Bleeding causing hTN

Front 21

Insulin

Back 21

Hypoglycemia, Allergy (less with recombinant), Lipidystrophies

Front 22

Sulfonylureas

Back 22

Photosensitivity

Front 23

Alpha-Glucoside Inhibitors

Back 23

Flatulence, Wt. loss, Decreased absorption

Front 24

Biguanides

Back 24

Lactic acidosis > kidney damage with 50% mortality rate

Front 25

Insulin Sensitizers

Back 25

Hepatotoxicity, Increases cholesterol/liver enzymes, Ovulation = pregnancy in pre-menopausal women

Front 26

Amlyn Mimetic/Symlin

Back 26

N/V, Dizziness

Front 27

Benzodiazepenes

Back 27

Nystagmus, Dec. CNS, Paradoxic effect in elderly, Agression/Agitation in mentally retarded children

Front 28

Hydantoins

Back 28

CNS irritation, Drowsiness, Nystagmus, Dysarthria, Cardio: toxic = cardiac arrest if IV, Inhibits release of insulin, Peds: hyperplasia, facial hirsutism, rough skin, Terato: cleft palate, hypoplasia fingers, dislocated hips, microencephaly

Front 29

Barbiturates

Back 29

CNS, Habit forming, behavior changes, Osteomalacia (interferes w/vit. D), hTN/bradycardia if given IV

Hint 29

B for bones

Front 30

Iminostilbenes

Back 30

Restlessness, Agression, Irritability, Hepatotoxicity

Front 31

Neuroprotective Therapy (MAOI Inhibitors)

Back 31

INSOMNIA, h/a, confusion, dry mouth, memory loss, Grinding teeth. S/E with tyramine if taking over 10mg

Hint 31

inhibitors inhibit sleep. selegine ix with ______ine

Front 32

Dopaminergic Therapy

Back 32

Dark urine/sweat, Irritability, aphoria, hyperactivity, hallucinations., Vivid dreams. If suddenly stop: 1) Hyperpyrexia, 2) Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome. Together = death

Front 33

Anticholinergic Therapy

Back 33

Dry mouth, Reduced sweating = overheating

Front 34

Centrally Acting Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

Back 34

CNS depression, Anti-cholinergic symptoms, Abrupt d/c = anxiety, edginess

Hint 34

block acetylcholine

Front 35

Peripherally Acting Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

Back 35

VERY Hepatotoxic. Dantrium increases depression given w/antidepressants

Hint 35

Dantrium: 2 dangers

Front 36

Laxatives

Back 36

Overuse leads to flaccid bowel, dependence

Front 37

Lubricant Laxatives (Oil)

Back 37

Rectal leaking, Pruritis

Front 38

Bulk forming Laxatives

Back 38

Hyperglycemia in diabetes

Front 39

Nitrosoureas

Back 39

1) Cumulative bone marrow suppression, 2) Tissue necrosis if infiltrates, 3) VERY hepatotoxic

Front 40

Hormonal Neoplastic Agents

Back 40

Both: Darkened aeriola, risk of thrombosis, fluid retention, Men: develop female characteristics

Front 41

Androgens

Back 41

Sodium/Fluid retention. Altered liver fx, clay colored stools., Women: develop male characteristics

Front 42

Antiandrogenics

Back 42

Men: female char: hot flashes, E.D., impotence

Front 43

Antiestrogens

Back 43

Women: menopausal symptoms (hot flashes), Changes in CORNEAL OPACITY/EYE PROBS

Hint 43

what happens when women stop producing estrogen?

Front 44

Adrenalcortical Suppressants

Back 44

Fatigue, hTN, Dizziness, Erythema, Rashes

Hint 44

cortisol and cortisone do what?

Front 45

Corticosteroids

Back 45

Immune suppression, Severe hyperglycemia, Cushing's Syndrome, High doses over time = severe behavior/mood swings

Front 46

Ionizing Radiation

Back 46

Skin damage, If young patient risk of infertility., Teratogenic effects, Premature aging, Subsequent generations will have eye problems/cataracts

Front 47

Androgenic/Anabolic Steroids

Back 47

Sodium/Water retention, Women: male characteristics, altered menstrual cycle. Male teens: increase female hormones/characteristics & testicular atrophy, priapism. Both: liver damage > cysts, peilosis hepatitis = failure or cancer