Q1 Enzymes

Front 1

Specialized protein catalysts that accelerate chemical reactions

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Enzymes

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Protein part of enzyme

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apoenzyme

Front 3

small, soluble non protein component required for apoenzyne activity and reversibly bound to enzyme

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cofactor

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3 kinds of cofactors

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coenzyme, prosthetic group, metal ions

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Apoenzyme+cofactor and is completely active

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holoenzyme

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Enzymes that required metal ions as their cofactor

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metalloenzymes

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Catalyzes rate limiting step of a mrtabolic pathway

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regulatory enzyme

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3d cavity of enzyme with that accomodates a specific substrate

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active site

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Region or additional site that is not the enzyme's catalytic site

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allosteric site

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Six major classes of enzymes

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oxido-reductases

transferases

hydrolases

lyases

isomerases

ligases

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Enzyme class that involve transfer of electrons and hydrogen atoms from donors

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oxidoreductases

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Utilize 2 substrates to form 2 products through delivery of C/P/N ions

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transferases

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Cleaves bonds using h20

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hydrolases

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Cleaves bonds other than hydrolysis

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lyases

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transfer of bonds or functional groups in the same molecule

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isomerases

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Catalyzes joining of substrates through atp addition

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ligases

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catalyzes a physiologically important involved in the formation of a C-C bond

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synthases which are lyases

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Adds h20 to a substrate but still involves breaking of binds

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hydralases

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Transfer of functional phosphate group from ATP

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kinases

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dehydrogenases

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oxidoreductases

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oxidases

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oxidoreductases

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peroxidases

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oxidoreductases

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oxygenases

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oxidoreductases

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hydroxylases

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oxidoreductases

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Transaldose

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Transferases

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transketolases

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Transferases

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acyl mety glucosyl

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Transferases

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kinases

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Transferases

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phosphomutases

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Transferases

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trabsaminases

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Transferases

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Esterases

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Hydrolases

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glycosidases

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Hydrolases

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peptidases

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Hydrolases

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thiolases

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Hydrolases

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phospholipiases

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Hydrolases

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amidases

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Hydrolases

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deaminases

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Hydrolases

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ribonucleases

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Hydrolases

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decarboxylases

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lyases

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aldolases

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lyases

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hydratases

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lyases

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dehydratases

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lyases

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synthases

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lyases

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lyases

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lyases

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Epimerases

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Isomerases

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mutases

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Isomerases

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racemases

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Isomerases

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isomerases

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Isomerases

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Synthetases

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ligases

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carboxylases

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ligases

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Functional groups carried by TPP

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aldehydes

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vitamin derivative of TPP

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B1-Thiamine

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Flavin adenine dinucleotide

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carries electrons

Front 54

vitamin derivative if nad

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B3 Nicotinic acid

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group transferred by Pyridoxal phosphate

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nh3

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Functional grouo transferred by lioate

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electrons and acyl grouos

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coenenzyme dericed frim vitamin B2-riboflavin

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Flavin

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coenzyme which is not required in body

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lipoate

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vitamin precursor of acetyl coa

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panthetonic acid

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Vitamin orecursor of biocytin

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biotin

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functional grouo transferred by NAD

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h ions

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functional grouo transferred by fad

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Electrons

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functional grouo trabsferred vt lipoate

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electrins and acyl grouos

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vitamin whose precourser is deoxycobalamin

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cobalamin

Front 65

functional grouos transferred by 5 cobalamin

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h atoms and alkyl group