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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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end=' ' |
Specifies that next print appears on same line |
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\n |
Creates a new line of text within a literal string |
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string literal |
A piece of text to be printed |
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\\ |
backslash |
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\' |
Single quote |
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\" |
Double quote |
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\t |
Tab (indent) |
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\ |
escape sequence |
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Raw string |
A string whose syntax has not been executed. Specified by adding 'r' to a string |
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input () |
Assigns a user input to a variable |
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SyntaxError |
The program contains invalid code that cannot be understood |
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IndentationError |
The lines of the program are not properly indented |
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ValueError |
An invalid value is used |
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NameError |
The program tries to use a variable that doesn't exist |
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TypeError |
An operation uses incorrect types |
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% |
Modulo operator |
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value |
A value such as 20, 55... |
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Type |
The type of the object, such as integer or string |
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Identity |
A unique identifier that describes the object |
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type() |
Prints the type of an object |
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Mutability |
Whether a given object's value is allowed to change |
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id () |
Gives the identity of a given object |
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Numeric types |
Int, float. Support normal mathematical operations |
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Sequence types |
String, list, tuple |
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tuple |
An immutable container with ordered elements |
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sequence type |
A type of string that specifies a collection of objects ordered from left to right |
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index |
Position of a character in a string |
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len() |
Finds the length of a given string or sequence |
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How can a programmer print a character given it's index? |
Using brackets to contain the index, a programmer can print that index's corresponding character. ex: print(alphabet[0]) would output A |
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How can a programmer quickly refer to the last character in a string? |
string[-1] |
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True or False: individual string values can be altered |
False. Strings are immutable objects. To alter a character, an assignment statement must be used to update the entire string variable |
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string concatenation |
The process of adding new characters to the end of a string. Ex: string1 = 'abc' string2 = '123' concatenated string = string1 + string2 |
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int() |
Converts integers, floats, integer-only strings to integer type |
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float() |
Converts integers, floats, or strings with integers and fractions to floats |
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str() |
Converts anything to a string |
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argument |
Item passed to a function |
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math.ceil |
Round up value |
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math.factorial |
Factorial |
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math.fmod |
Remainder of division |
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math.exp |
Exponential function |
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math.exp |
Exponential function |
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math.pow |
Raise to power |
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math.acos |
Arccosine |
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math.atan |
Arctangent |
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math.cos |
cosine |
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math.hypot |
Length of vector from origin |
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math.radians |
Converts degrees to radians |
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math.cosh |
Hyperbolic cosine |
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math.gamma |
Gamma function |
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math.pi |
Pi |
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math.fabs |
Absolute value |
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math.floor |
Round down value |
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math.fsum |
Floating point sum |
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math.log |
Natural logarithm |
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math.sqrt |
Square root |
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math.asin |
Sine |
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math.atan2 |
Arctangent with 2 parameters |
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math.sin |
Sine |
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math.degrees |
Converts from radians to degrees |
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math.tan |
Tangent |
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math.sinh |
Hyperbolic sine |
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math.erf |
Error function |
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math.e |
e |
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operator chaining |
Multiple comparisons performed left to right |
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elif |
Keyword short for "else if" |
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nesting |
Placing an if-else statement inside an if-else statement |
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Boolean |
A value that is either true or false |
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membership operators |
"In" and "not in" yield true or false if the left operand matches the value of some element in the right operand (a container) |
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substring |
String of characters within a larger string |
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membership operators |
"is" and "is not" |
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code block |
Group of statements grouped together by indentation level |
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def function() |
Defines a custom function or subroutine |
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namespace |
Maps names to objects |
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locals() globals() |
Shows all names in the local or global namespace |
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Scope |
Area of code where a name is visible |
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Scope resolution |
The process of searching for a name in the available namespaces |
