Pysch Exam 2 Review

Front 1

Motivation is the process that contains

Back 1

Homeostasis

Front 2

A height-to-weight ratio used to identify healthy weight, underweight, overweight, and obesity.

Back 2

Body Mass Index (BMI)

Front 3

Important Key to Losing Weight

Back 3

Successful weight loss comes from lifestyle changes in eating habits.

Ex: Removing one sugared soft drink per day should result in weight loss over time.

Front 4

The binge-purge cycling of bulimia involves processes similar to those of ____________.

Back 4

Addiction

Front 5

A stable pattern of attraction to members of a particular sex.

Back 5

Sexual Orientation

Front 6

Most important keys to peoples happiness?

Back 6

love, social affiliation, and *INTIMACY* (one she went over in SI to remember)

Front 7

The pinnacle of human motivation is ______________.

Back 7

Self Actualization

Front 8

Individual differences of emotional intelligence view the success of relationships. (more info on other side of card)

Back 8

Remember that the success of relationships will be better if you have control of your emotions.

Front 9

People infer emotions when they experience physiological arousal. For example, suppose you are walking in the woods and you see a grizzly bear. You begin to tremble and your heart begins to race. This theory proposes that you will interpret your physical reactions and conclude that you are frightened ("I am trembling, therefore I am afraid.")

Back 9

James-Lange theory

Front 10

An experiment that proved a connection between fear and sexual attraction.

Ex: Why we take women to a scary movie, or to an amusement ride on roller coasters. Fear is perceived in studies to help towards attraction.

Back 10

Capilano Canyon Experiment.

Front 11

Instinct and Reflex

Back 11

Remember that:

Instinct is a more complex behavior than reflex.

Front 12

Learning is divided into these three categories - __________________, ___________________, __________________.

Back 12

Associative Learning, Non Associative Learning, and Observational Learning.

Front 13

Transmits information across generations.

*We Learn from Observing*

Back 13

Observational Learning

Front 14

A response to unconditioned stimulus that required no previous experience.

Back 14

Unconditioned Response

Front 15

The tendency to respond to stimuli that are similar to an original conditioned stimulus.

Back 15

Generalization

Front 16

A type of counterconditioning in which people relax while being exposed to stimuli that elicit fear.

Back 16

Systematic Desensitization

Front 17

Operant Conditioning generally involves __________.

Back 17

Voluntary Behavior

Front 18

A reinforcer that gains value from being associated with other things that are valued. Also known as a secondary reinforcer.

Back 18

Conditioned Reinforcer

Front 19

Advantage of Observational Learning

Back 19

Greatly expands our learning capacity

Front 20

Children are likely to pattern their parents behavior by learning from their _____________.

Back 20

Actions

Front 21

Remember these 3 stages that flow through the Model of Memory in this exact order:

Back 21

Sensory Memory, Short-Term Memory, and Long Term Memory

Front 22

The magic number 7 minus 2 refers to _____________________.

Back 22

the **CAPACITY** of short term memory.

Front 23

Study back of card and know differences when asked about Semantic and Episodic Memory from pg 413-414

Back 23

Semantic Memory - General knowledge of memory

Episodic Memory - Past Personal Memories

Front 24

Can Subliminal Messages influence our behavior?

Back 24

Subliminal Messages do not influence behavior.

Front 25

A connectionist theory proposing that people organize general knowledge based on their *INDIVIDUAL EXPERIENCES*.

Back 25

Spreading Activation Model

Front 26

Stimulus that helps aid retrieval of information.

Back 26

Cue

Front 27

Important information to study about FORGETTING on other side of card

Back 27

Forgetting isn't always a bad thing. It might help us remember something negative or non-important so we can prioritize and concentrate on the most important things.

Front 28

Important information about memory retrieval on other side of card

Back 28

Motivated distortions of memory can be so extreme that the original information is essentially lost during the process. We always remember the positive experiences over the negative ones.

Front 29

Study in several sessions vs all at once. We learn more studying in different increments.

Back 29

Memory Improving

Front 30

This method takes advantage of the fact that we form excellent representations of visual images in memory.

Back 30

Method of Loci

Front 31

Children are particularly likely to use _______ ________ in their thinking.

Back 31

Visual Images

Front 32

What are the 4 steps to problem solving?

Back 32

Understand the problem, Make a Plan, Carry out the Plan, Look Back: Problem Solved?

Front 33

Most important element when problem solving?

Back 33

TIME

Front 34

Important information about HIGH MAXIMIZE on other side of card

Back 34

People with very high maximizes scores tend to be less happy and more prone to depression.

pg 470-471 if u need to read more

Front 35

What percentage of worlds languages may soon be lost?

Back 35

Nearly half (50%)

Front 36

Most effective method to support language learning?

Back 36

Engaging in a conversation of a 2 way interaction

Front 37

The primary intention of IQ test?

Back 37

to devise an objective means of identifying schoolchildren who needed additional help to succeed.

Front 38

Know the differences between FLUID and CRYSTALLIZED Intelligence

Back 38

Fluid Intelligence - The ability to think logically without the need to use learned knowledge

Crystallized Intelligence - The ability to think logically using specific learned knowledge

Front 39

There is a chart on pg 491 about levels of crystallized intelligence and fluid intelligence on pg 491. You are asked a question with 4 types of people on the test. She went over the exact question and the answer is the Stock Broker

Back 39

Just remember : its the Stock Broker

Front 40

How many hours of screen/tv time should children under the age of 2 have?

Back 40

ZERO

Front 41

Remember about Development

Back 41

Development is a gradual continuous process and a discontinuous process.

Its figure 11.2 on pg 511 if you want to look at it

Front 42

What is the order of the steps in physical development?

Back 42

Raise Head, Roll, Sit, Crawl, Walk, and Hop

Front 43

A person having a problem with conversation. An example would be not being able to tell between a tall glass of water almost filled or a short wide glass of water with the same volume of liquid that they are the same. That person would see them as different.

Back 43

Piaget Theory

Front 44

Information about Harlow's Study from pg 537

Back 44

Baby monkeys were separated from their mothers at birth and fed from 2 fake mothers. One mother with a wired texture and another one with a carpeted texture. Conclusion was that "contact comfort" provided by the mother was more important to attachment than the food she provided. They went after the "furry one" (carpeted one)

Front 45

Unresponsive or Inconsistent parenting will result in __________________________?

Back 45

Child whining for attention

Front 46

A period of development beginning at puberty and ending at young adulthood

Back 46

Adolescence

Front 47

Erikson Model on pg 550.

Know what happens in failure to achieve a stable identity in Adolescence stage of life

Back 47

Failure to achieve a stable identity leads to: *Role confusion and problems with subsequent stages*

Front 48

Remember this about adulthood

Back 48

Adulthood emerges gradually.

People do not usually assume all these roles simultaneously, leading to a gradual emergence over a period of several years, often extending into the mid-20s.

Front 49

When do people experience mid life crisis?

Back 49

We do not have a reliable set of characteristics that enable mid-life crisis.

Front 50

True fact about Older Adults when it comes to siblings

Back 50

When adults get older, their Siblings often are more meaningful to them.

Older adults often have fewer friendships than when younger, and that its harder to development newer friends as you get older, therefore our siblings become more meaningful.