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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bipolar Disorder
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Mood swings between states of extreme elation and depression (mania)
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States or Elation
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Manic Episodes
Few weeks to several months Poor Judgement |
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Manic Episodes
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Show poor judgement
Flights of ideas Multiple tasks Decreased need for sleep No regard for consequences |
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Cycling
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Rate at which on passes from elation to depression or vise versa
Rapid Cycling 2+ cycles of mania and depressionin 1 year Withouth intervening normal periods Uncommon More in women |
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Types of Bipolar Disorder
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Bipolar I disorder
Bipolar II disorder |
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Bipolar I Disorder
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At least 1 full manic episode
.4% - 1.6% of population Equal in men and women Onset |
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Bipolar II Disorder
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Milder form of mania (hypomania)
Frequent depression .5% of population More common in women |
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Cyclothymic Disorder
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Mood swings from elation to depression
Lasting 2 years Begins in teens .4-1% of population Men and women equal |
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Cyclothymic Disorder
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Hypomanic episodes
Depression |
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Causes of Mood Disorders
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Cognitive (for Depression)
Biological |
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Treatment Approaches to depression
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Behavioral/Cognitive
Lewinsohn's coping with depression course Biological - antidepressents |
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Treatment Approaches to Bipolar
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Lithium - stablizing moods
Must be carefully monitored due to potential effects Anticonvulsant drugs No antidepressants!!!!!!! |
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Personality Disorders
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Personality traits:
Inflexible Maladaptive Across Situations - must be in all |
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Anti-Social Personality Disorder
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Lie, cheat, steal, manipulate
As adults - not good holding down responsibility, no finical status As teens - tons of drinking Little or no remorse 6% of men 1% of women starts in childhood |
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Borderline Personality Disorders
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10 million Americans
Chronic instability of Emotions Self-image Relations |
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Borderline Personality Disorder
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Uncontrooable moods
OUtburst Abandonment Idealizing to hostility Self-mutilation and Damaging impulses |
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Dissociative Disorders
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A disorder characterized by diruption or dissociation of:
Identity Memory Consciousness |
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Dissociative Disorders
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Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
Dissociative amnesia Dissociative Fugue |
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Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
Also know as Multiple personality disorder |
Dissociative disorder in which a person had two or more distinct personalitlites called alters
Host may or may not be aware of alters |
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DID continued
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Alters can have:
Name History Age Gender Allergiews Sexual orientation Brain functions |
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DID facts
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Women are majority of cases
Although, number of men are increasing Number of reported cases is increaseing too |
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DID Prevalence Increasing
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Handful from 1920-1970
Now in the thousands Due to: May be more common Highly suggestible |
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Controversy
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Some feel not a disorder
Spanos agrues it is role playing Found that it spreads on inpatient units Those diagnosed were highly imaginative as children |
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Dissociative Amnesia
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A dissociative disorder in which a person experiences memory loss without any identifable organic cause
Is reversible Memory comes back suddenly |
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Dissociative Fugue
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Dissociatvie disorder in which one flees from one's life situation, travels to a new location, assumes a new identity and has amnesia for personal material
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Amnesia vs. Fugue
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Amnesia - wander around, very confused
Fugue - take steps for new idenity |
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Types of Fugue
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Short lived
Long lived |
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Short Lived
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more common, goes away for hours or days, stays close to home
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Long Lived
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Travel faraway and make new idenitity
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Pervalence of Fugue
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Rare
2 out of 1000 will experience it |
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Causes of Dissociative Disorders
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Cognitive and Learning View- by not thinking about it, is a negative reinforcement
Biological - inbalance in metabolic activity |
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Treatment Approaches to Dissociative Disorders
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Amnesia and Fugue - NO TREATMENT
DID - convers all personalities into one |
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Schizophrenia
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Severely distorted:
beliefs Perceptions Thought Processes |
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Symptoms
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Positive
Negative |
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Positive symptoms
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Excess in normal functioning
They show something besides what they have This addes on to normal function Not a good thing |
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Positive symptoms include
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Delusions
Hallucinatinos Disorganized thoughts and behaviors |
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Delusions
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Falsely held belief
Persists in spite of contradictory evidence |
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Delusions of Reference
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Other people are constantly talking about them
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Delusions of Grandeur
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extremely important, powerful, or wealthy
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Delusions fo Persecution
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Others plotting against or trying to harm
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Hallucinations
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False or distorted perceptions
Vivdly real Any of senses Persistent |
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Hallucinations continued
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Auditory - hear things
Visual - see things that aren't really there Tactile - feeling things not being done now Smell/taste - taste and smell something not there |
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Negative Symptoms
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Defects or deficits in normal functioning
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Negative Symptoms
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Affective flattening
Emotionally flat No emotions |
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Types of Schizophrenia
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Paranoid
Catatonic Disorganized Undifferentiated |
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Explaining Schizophrenia
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Biological Factors
Dopamine Hypothesis |
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Biological Factors
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Slow communication between left and right hemisphere
Reduced gray in frontal lobe |
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Dopamine Hypothesis
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Have excess of dopamine in the system
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Explaining Schizophrenia
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Abnormal Brain structures - enlarged ventricles
Viral infection - during birth or shortly afer birth Head injury |
