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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the neuron that directly innervates a muscle?
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Lower motor neuron
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What are the 2 possible locations of lower motor neuron cell bodies?
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Ventral horn of spinal cord
Cranial nerve motor nuclei |
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Where does the upper motor neuron send input to?
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Lower motor neuron
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Where is the cell body of an upper motor neuron located?
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Cerebral cortex
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How does the upper motor neuron synapse with the lower motor neuron?
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Directly or through an interneuron
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What are all the upper motor neurons as a group called?
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Pyramidal motor system
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What makes up the basis pedunculi?
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Descending myelinated fibers of cortical origin
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What are pontine nuclei?
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Small clusters of cells scattered throughout the base of the pons
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What makes up the middle cerebellar peduncle?
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pontocerebellar fibers
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Corticospinal fibers are the axons of ------- cells
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pyramidal motor
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When the corticospinal fibers join in the caudal medulla what structure do they form?
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Pyramids
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What is the action of the pyramidal motor system?
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Fine,skilled volitional movements of the limbs
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What neurons (contra/ipsi) control the upper half of the face?
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Bilateral
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What neurons (contra/ipsi) control the lower half of the face?
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Contralateral
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What neurons (contra/ipsi) control the hypoglossal nucleus?
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Contralateral
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---- musculature is (contra/ipsi/bi) innervated by the muscle cortex
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axial, bi
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What would be the only difference between a lesion at the base of the pons and a lesion in the lateral corticospinal tract?
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In the base of the pons, loss of function would occur on the contralateral side. At the lateral corticospinal tract, loss of function would occur on the ipsilateral side.
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What are the key symptoms of an acute injury to the pyrimidal motor system?
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Weakness or paralysis
hyporeflexive |
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What are the key symptoms of a chronic injury to the pyrimidal motor system?
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Change in muscle tone
Hyperreflexive Spasticity Clonus Loss of dexterity |
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At the level of the precentral gyrus, what section of the body is represented in the midline of the paracentral lobule?
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foot
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At the level of the precentral gyrus, what section of the body is represented most laterally, near the lateral fissure?
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face
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At the level of the precentral gyrus, what 2 sections of the body have a disproportionate representation?
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Hands and face
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What section of the body is represented by the fibers that pass through the genu of the internal capsule?
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Face
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What section of the body is represented by the fibers that pass through the posterior limb of the internal capsule?
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Foot
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What section of the body is represented by the fibers that pass through the medial basis pedunculi?
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Face
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What section of the body is represented by the fibers that pass through the lateral basis pedunculi?
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Foot
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