Purposes And Patterns For Writing

Front 1

_______ creates a work of art.

LANGUAGE is the key focus because the writer uses words to create vivid images and characters to entertain the reader.

Back 1

Literary Writing

Hint 1

Poetry, novels, plays, songs, movies, and even the comics

Front 2

_____ “calls attention to the writer’s personal feelings, aspirations, and emotions” (Kinneavy).

The WRITER is the key focus because as the writer explores personal experiences, his or her identity is revealed.

Back 2

Expressive Writing

Hint 2

Journals, diaries, letters to the editor, gripe sessions, protests, personal essays, and travel logs

Front 3

_____ attempts to get readers to change their point of view and possibly to take action.

Therefore, the READER is the key focus.

Back 3

Persuasive Writing

Hint 3

Political speeches, editorials, sermons, and advertising

The writer wants readers to think a certain way about an issue such as the war in Iraq or women breastfeeding in public. Or the writer wants readers to take action: to buy a certain phone, to stop smoking, to wear a motorcycle helmet, and so on.

Front 4

_____, writing focuses on providing the reader with “an examination of the subject matter” (Polnac 78).

Therefore, the MESSAGE is the key focus.

Back 4

Referential Writing

Hint 4

Magazines, journals, encyclopedias, textbooks, newspapers, and interviews.

Front 5

If the primary focus is on using language to entertain, the purpose is

Back 5

literary

Front 6

If the primary focus is on the writer’s personal experiences, the purpose is

Back 6

expressive

Front 7

If the primary focus is to convince the reader of something, the purpose is

Back 7

persuasive

Front 8

If the primary focus is to provide information, the purpose is

Back 8

referential

Front 9

LEPR =

Back 9

Literary, Expressive, Persuasive, Referential

Front 10

organizes information by taking items and grouping them in categories.

Back 10

Classification

Front 11

What kind of writing pattern would this picture represent?

Back 11

Classification

Front 12

What kind of writing pattern would this picture represent?

Back 12

Evaluation

Front 13

What kind of writing pattern does this phone represent?

Back 13

Narration

Front 14

What writing pattern does the image refer to?

Back 14

Division

Front 15

Dental Hygiene Career
-job description
-salary
-educational requirements
-professional development requirements
-negative factors

Texas History
-Spanish influence
-Mexican influence
-Confederate influence, and
-U.S. influence in shaping the history of the state.

Back 15

Physical Description
of a person, place, or thing

Front 16

_____ is to separate the whole for the purpose of studying the parts. The goal is to understand how all the parts contribute to the whole.

Back 16

Analysis

Front 17

controls “how the message is created, what details are included and excluded, and how those details are organized” (Polnac 2).

Back 17

Purpose

Front 18

focuses on how the information is arranged and developed.

Back 18

Pattern

Front 19

sorts items into groups

Back 19

Classification

Hint 19

-formal
-comparison and contrast
-definition

Front 20

presents the subject, makes a judgment, and uses criteria to assess the subject

Back 20

Evaluation

Front 21

organizes by time

Back 21

Narration

Hint 21

-recountal of an event
-explanation of a process
-cause and effect

Front 22

breaks something down into its key parts
-physical description
of a person, place, or thing
-analysis

Back 22

Division

Front 23

CEND=

Back 23

Classification, Evaluation, Narration, Division

The Four Writing Patterns

Front 24

Literary writing has three key characteristics:

Back 24

tension, artistic language, and literary devices.

Front 25

There is a struggle between two opposing forces.

Back 25

Tension

Hint 25

Usually, the main character struggles against

* another person
* society
* nature
* self

Front 26

* Hyperbole
* Metaphor
* Personification
* Repetition
* Simile
* Symbolism

Back 26

Artistic Language

Front 27

* Characterization
* Dialogue
* Setting

Back 27

Literary Devices

Front 28

TALe =

Back 28

Tension, Artistic language, and Literary devices

Front 29

The struggle between two opposing forces creates a opposition.

Back 29

Tension/Conflict

Hint 29

Usually, the main character struggles against:

Another person
The struggle is against another individual.

Society
The struggle is against a social convention or custom.

Nature
The struggle is against the forces of nature.

Self
A psychological struggle occurs inside the character.

Front 30

is used to help readers see things in new ways.

Back 30

Artistic Language

Front 31

are used to add life and authenticity.

Back 31

Literary Devices

Front 32

Creating and developing a character by stating a character’s traits directly or by describing a character’s traits through his or her actions, thoughts, feelings, words, and appearance or through another character’s observations and reactions.

Back 32

Characterization

Front 33

A conversation between characters or with oneself. IT is used to report interesting thoughts and remarks. Quotation marks are used to record dialogue.

Back 33

Dialogue

Front 34

The time and place of the action. It is used to create a particular atmosphere or mood.

Back 34

Setting

Front 35

a figure of speech that uses a deliberate exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.

Back 35

Hyperbole

Front 36

figure of speech in which one thing is spoken of as though it were literally something else.

Back 36

Metaphor

Front 37

a figure of speech in which a nonhuman subject is given human qualities

Back 37

Personification

Front 38

using a sound, a word, a phrase, a clause, a sentence, or grammatical pattern more than once to create an effect.

Back 38

Repetition

Front 39

a figure of speech that makes a direct comparison between two subjects using either “like” or “as.”

Back 39

Simile

Front 40

a concrete object that represents an abstract idea, quality, or concept.

Back 40

Symbolism

Front 41

Expressive writing has four characteristics:

Back 41

values, emotion, self-definition, and subjective language.

Front 42

Desirable qualities you want in yourself and others.

Back 42

Values

Hint 42

jovial, kind, honest, family oriented, loyal, forgiving, generous, empathetic, thoughtful, humorous, hardworking, considerate, playful, trustworthy, and so on.

Front 43

The expression of strong feelings.

Back 43

Emotion

Hint 43

“I could feel myself being erased.”
–Sandra Cisneros, “Only Daughter”

“Mercy . . . for God’s sake, please let me die.”
–Barbara Huttmann, “A Crime of Compassion”

Front 44

A self-evaluation answering the question “Who am I?”

Back 44

Self-definition

Hint 44

“I was going on thirteen.”
–Langston Hughes, “Salvation”

“I am the only daughter in a Mexican family of six sons.”
–Sandra Cisneros, “Only Daughter”

Front 45

A personal style of speech. The word choice is informal and conversational instead of academic or formal.

Back 45

Subjective Language

Hint 45

Slang: excessively informal words and phrases usually particular to an age group:
“off the hinges,” “poser,” “pity party,” and “props” are examples.
First-person: the pronouns I, me, my, mine, we, us, our, and ours are used extensively because a personal experience is being expressed.

Front 46

VESS =

Back 46

Values, Emotion, Self-definition, and Subjective language

Front 47

_____ makes a claim defending a position on an issue, proposing a solution, or evaluating a subject.

Back 47

Thesis

Hint 47

Girls in sixth grade should be vaccinated for HPV, a sexually transmitted virus that causes cervical cancer.

We can end the war [on drugs] and at the same time keep junkies off the streets by making drugs freely available—in pharmacies located in minimum-security prisons. –Tom Dworetzky, “What to Do with Our Addiction Problem: Waging Peace on Drugs”

Chuy’s restaurant has the best Tex-Mex food in Austin.

Front 48

The claim is supported by reasons, and the reasons are developed with proof that is sufficient, relevant, and credible. _____ includes observations, consequences, common knowledge, statistics, examples, and authorities.

Back 48

Valid Evidence

Hint 48

Why does the writer believe this?

What proof will the writer use to support the stated reasons?

Front 49

The writer uses language that is appropriate to his or her reader.

First, second, or third person may be used.

Back 49

Reader-oriented language

Hint 49

“As a result, the writer may use everyday speech, slang, jargon, or Standard Edited American English, if that is what the reader expects and will accept” (Polnac 57).

Front 50

EAR =

Back 50

Evidence, A thesis, and Reader-oriented language

Front 51

Referential writing has three characteristics:

Back 51

Thesis, Valid evidence, Objective language

VOTe

Front 52

VOTe =

Back 52

Valid evidence, Objective language, and Thesis

Front 53

The TALe that VESS told burned my EARs, but it made me want to VOTe for her. =

Back 53

LEPR