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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Soft tissue mass in middle ear?
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Cholesteatoma
Chronic otitis media Granulation tissue Cholesterol granuloma Glomus tympanicum tumor Aberrant internal carotid artery High or dehiscent jugular bulb |
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Vascular mass in middle ear?
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Glomus tympanicum
Aberrant carotid artery Carotid artery aneurysm Persistent stapedial artery Exposed jugular bulb Exposed carotid artery Hemangioma Extensive glomus jugulare |
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Intracanalicular internal auditory canal masses?
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Exclusively intracanalicular lesions:
Acoustic neuroma Facial neuroma Hemangioma Lipoma Not primarily intracanalicular Meningioma Epidermoid |
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Jugular fossa mass?
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Glomus jugular tumor (most common)
Neurofibroma (2nd most common) Schwannoma Chondrosarcoma Mets |
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Mastoid bone defect?
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Neoplastic bone destruction
Cholesteatoma Post-op simple mastoidectomy Post-op radical mastoidectomy Post-truamatic deformity |
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Petrous apex lesions?
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Cholesterol granuloma
Mucocele Epidermoid Chondrosarcoma Chordoma Enodlymphatic sac tumor |
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Orbital masses by etiology?
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Tumors:
Hemangioma Lymphoma Mets Lymphangioma Rhabdomyosarcoma Nemangiopericytoma Neurofibroma Inflammatory Pseudotumor Thyroid ophthalmopathy Cellulitis, abscess Wegener's Vascular: Carotid-cavernous fistula Venous varix Thrombosis of superior ophthalmic vein Trauma: Hematoma Foreign body |
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Extraconal disease?
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Nasal disease:
Infection Neoplasm Orbital bone disease: Subperiosteal abscess Osteomyelitis Fibrous dysplasia Tumors Trauma Sinus disease: Mucocele Invasive infections Neoplasm Lacrimal gland disease: Adenitis Lymphoma Pseudotumor Tumor |
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Intraconal disease?
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Well-defined margins:
Hemangioma Schwannoma Orbital varix Meningioma Ill-defined margins: Pseudotumor Infection Lymphoma Mets Muscle enlargement: Pseudotumor Grave's Myositis Carotid cavernous fistula |
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Vascular orbital lesions?
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Tumor:
Hemangioma, hemangioendothelioma, hemangiopericytoma Lymphangioma Meningioma Vascular (with enlarged SOV): Carotid cavernous fistula Cavernous thrombosis Orbital varix Ophthalmic artery aneurysm |
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Optic nerve sheath enlargement?
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Tumor:
Optic nerve glioma Meningioma Meningeal carcinomatosis Mets, lymphoma, leukemia Inflammatory: Optic neuritis Pseudotumor Sarcoid Increased ICP Hematoma |
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Tramtrack enhancement of orbital nerve?
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Optic nerve meningioma
Optic neuritis Idiopathic Pseudotumor Sarcoidosis Leukemia, lymphoma Perioptic hemorrhage Mets Normal variant |
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Third nerve palsy?
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Compression:
Intracranial aneurysm Uncal herniation Tumors Granuloma (Tolosa-Hunt, sarcoid) Infection: Encephalitis Meningitis Herpes zoster Vasculitis, dural cavernous sinus fistula Demyelination Trauma Infiltration (leptomeningeal carcinomatosis) |
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Ocular muscle enlargement?
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Thyroid ophthalmopathy; painless
Pseudotumor; painful Infection from adjacent sinus Granulomatous: TB, sarcoid, cysticercosis Dural AVM Carotid cavernous sinus fistula Lymphangioma Hemorrhage Lymphoma Rhabdomyosarcoma Leukemia Mets Trauma Acromegaly Apical mass |
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Childhood orbital masses?
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"LO VISON"
Leukemia Optic nerve glioma Vascular malformation (hemangioma, lymphangioma) Inflammation Sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma Ophthalmopathy, orbital pseudotumor Neuroblastoma |
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Cystic lesions of the orbit?
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Dermoid
Epidermoid Teratoma Aneurysmal bone cyst Cholesterol granuloma Colobomatous cyst |
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T1 Hyperintense orbital masses?
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Tumor:
Melanotic melanoma Retinoblastoma Choroidal mets Hemangioma Detachment: Coat's disease Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous Trauma Hemorrhage Phthisis bulbi Intravitreal oil treatment for detachment |
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Globe calcifications?
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Tumor:
Retinoblastoma Astrocytic hamartoma Choroidal osteoma Infection: Toxoplasmosis Herpes CMV Rubella Phthisis bulbi Optic nerve drusen |
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Sudden onset of proptosis?
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Orbital varix
Hemorrhage CCF Hemorrhage into lymphangioma Thrombosis of SOV |
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Lacrimal gland enlargement?
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Lymphoid lesions:
Benign lymphoid hyperplasia Pseudotumor Sjogren's Mikulicz's Lymphoma Epithelial neoplasm: Pleomorphic adenoma Adneoid cystic carcinoma |
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Diffuse bone abnormality?
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Fibrous dysplasia
Paget's Thalassemia Osteopetrosis Craniometaphyseal and diphyseal dysplasia |
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Radiopaque sinuses?
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Normal variant:
Hypoplasia Unilateral thick bone Sinusitis: Allergic Fungal: asperigillosis, mucomycosis Granulomatous: sarcoid, Wegener's Solid masses: SCCa Polyp, inverted papilloma Lymphoma Juvenile angiofibroma Mucocele Post-surgical: Caldwell-Luc operation |
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Mucosal space mass in nasopharynx?
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Tumors:
SCCa Lymphoma Rhabdomyosarcoma Melanoma Benign masses: Adenoids Juvenile angiofibroma Thornwaldt's cyst |
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Parapharyngeal and carotid space masses?
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Tumors:
Salivary gland tumors Schwannoma, glomus vagale Nasopharyngeal carcinoma Lymphadenopathy Abscess, cellulitis |
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Prevertebral mass?
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Mets
Chordoma Osteomyelitis Abscess Hematoma |
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Cystic extrathyroid lesions in neck?
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Branchial cleft cyst (lateral to carotid artery)
Thyroglossal duct cyst (midline) Ranula of sublingal glands Retention cysts of mucus glands Cystic hygroma Cervical thymic cysts Dermoid Teratoma Hemangioma |
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Cystic extrathyroid lesions in naso-oropharynx?
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Thornwaldt's cyst
Mucus retention cyst Necrotic SCCa |
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Cystic extrathyroid lesions in larynx, paralaryngeal space?
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Laryngocele
Mucus retention cyst |
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Cystic thyroid lesions?
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Colloid cysts
Cystic degeneration Cystic tumors: Papillary cancer Cystic mets (papillary ca) |
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Solid neck mass?
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Tumors:
SCCa of larynx or naso-oropharynx Lymphadenopathy Parotid tumors Neural tumors (neurilemoma, neurofibroma, glomus tumors) Mesenchymal, dermoid, teratoma tumors Inflammatory: Infection Granulomatous (sarcoid, TB) Congenital Ectopic thyroid |
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Vascular head and neck masses?
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Glomus tumor:
Carotid body tumor Glomus vagale Glomus jugulare Glomus tympanicum Hemangioma AVM Aneurysm Pseudoaneurysm Post-traumatic |
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ENT complications in AIDS patients?
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Parotid:
Multiple intraparotid cystic masses Lymphadenopathy Sinonasal: Sinusitis Kaposi sarcoma Oral cavity: Candida Periodontal and gingival infections Pharynx/larynx: Opportunisitic infections Epiglottitis Lymphoma (tonsils) Temporal bone: Otitis media (P. carinii) Otitis externa (Pseudomonas) |
