Punctuation

Front 1

Clause

Back 1

A group of words that contains a verb (and usually other components too).

Front 2

Independent Clause

Back 2

May form part of a compound sentence or a complex sentence, but it also makes sense on its own

Front 3

Dependent or Subordinate Clause

Back 3

Depends on a main clause for its meaning.

Front 4

Conditional clause

Back 4

One that usually begins with if or unless and describes something that is possible or probable

Front 5

Noun clause

Back 5

A clause that works like a noun.

Front 6

Adverbial clause

Back 6

A word that modifies a verb in a clause

Front 7

Relative clause

Back 7

One connected to a main clause by a word such as which, that, whom, whose, when, where, or

who

Front 8

Phrase

Back 8

A group of two or more words that does not have the subject and verb combination and does not form a predicate.

Front 9

Noun phrase

Back 9

Includes a noun—a person, place, or thing—and the modifiers which distinguish it.

Front 10

Verb phrase

Back 10

Can be the predicate of a sentence or a clause. In this case, there will usually be a helping verb in addition to the verb.

Front 11

Prepositional phrase

Back 11

A phrase that starts with a preposition and ends with noun (or a pronoun).

Front 12

Simple sentence

Back 12

The most basic elements that make it a sentence: a subject, a verb, and a completed thought.

Front 13

Compound sentence

Back 13

Made up of two or more main clauses linked by a conjunction such as and, but, or so.

Front 14

Complex sentence

Back 14

Made up of an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses connected to it.

Front 15

Compound-complex sentence

Back 15

A sentence with multiple independent clauses and at least one dependent clause.