Pulmonology Day 3 5/17/09 10:56 Am

Front 1

what three meds cause interstitial lung disease?

Back 1

…bleomycin, amiodarone and methotrexate…

Front 2

Egg shell calcifications?

Back 2

…silicosis…

Front 3

Honeycomb lung?

Back 3

…idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis…

Front 4

what type of tumors cause DVT?

Back 4

…adenocarcinomas..

Front 5

gestational age capable of breathing?

Back 5

…25 weeks…

Front 6

resp lining derived from?

Back 6

…endoderm…

Front 7

Complications of Neonatal resp. distress (5)?

Back 7

…bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy (from oxygen therapy), PDA, intraventricular cerebral hemorrhage, NEC…

Front 8

how does heparin work?

Back 8

Complexes with ATII to increase inactivation of II, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII

Front 9

what system of coag is effected by heparin?

Back 9

…intrinsic (PTT) just like hemophelia..

Front 10

Hemophilia acts like what drug?

Back 10

…heparin..

Front 11

chronic bronchitis causes Hypoxia by?

Back 11

…decreasing the diameter of the conducting airways…

Front 12

what happens to the right ventricle in COPD?

Back 12

…right ventricular afterload is increased ue to chronic pulmonary HTN…

Front 13

the initiation of translation in prokaryotes requires what?

Back 13

… a specific N-formylated methionin-tRNA that is used to incorporate the initial methionine residues into all proteins. Mehtionine is coded for by AUG…

Front 14

what forms the prokaryotic initiation complex?

Back 14

…binding of the 30s ribosomal subunit to mRNA and an N-formylated methionin tRNA, facilitated by initiation factoes and energy from GTP hydrolysis which also brings the 50 s ribosomal subunit to the complex resulting in the formation of 70s subunit……

Front 15

how do AMinoglycosides like streptomycin work?

Back 15

…binds to the 30s ribosomal subunit and distort its structure impairing the initiation of protein synthesis and inhibiting formation of the complex…

Front 16

ribosomes have 3 sites for attachment: A, P, E. during translation?

Back 16

…the A site binds incoming aminoacyl-tRNA, which is then transferred to the P site after incorporation into the peptide chain. The amino acid is cleaved from the tRNA moleule and the empty tRNA is then shifted to the E site….

Front 17

What component of the 50s ribosomal subunit is necessary for the transfer of amino acids from the A to the P site for the formtation of peptide bonds?

Back 17

…peptidyltransferse…

Front 18

how does chloramphenicol work?

Back 18

…inhibits the 50s ribosomal subunit enzyme necessary for the transfer of amino acids from the A site to the P site for the formation of peptide bonds…

Front 19

during translation ribosomes move in what direction?

Back 19

…the 5 to 3 direction on the mRNA molecule in a process known as translocation…

Front 20

clinical manifestation of pneumocystis?

Back 20

…interstitial pneumonia in an aids patient..

Front 21

Tx of a mixed flora abcess?

Back 21

…clindapeplinda…

Front 22

The AD marfans syndrome results in?

Back 22

…abnormal fibrillin-1 monomers disrupting polymerization and preventing formation of microfibrils in the interstitial connective tissue…

Front 23

Fredericks ataxia?

Back 23

…the frataxin gene codes for a mitochondrial protein important in respiratory fxn and Iron homeostasis, is mutated. Here a GAA repeat disrupts transcription…

Front 24

dead space corresponds to?

Back 24

…regions of ventilation that do not engage in gas exchange due to low perfusion…

Front 25

methacholine challenge diagnostic for asthma?

Back 25

…a decrease in FEV1 more than 20 percent…

Front 26

how does the normal CFTR channel work in a sweat gland?

Back 26

…when it is first produced eccrine sweat is isotonic with the extracellular fluid but as it travels through the eccrine duct to the skin surface, chloride is resorbed via the CFTR and sodium follows, thus the cftr facilitates production of hypotonic sweat in healthy individuals…

Front 27

patients with CF produce eccrine sweat that is?

Back 27

…isotonic to the plasma while normal individuals make hypotonic eccrine sweat, therefore excessive sweating in patients with CF may cause intravascular volume contraction due to excessive loss of isotonic fluid…

Front 28

negative predictive value equals?

Back 28

… d/(c + d)…

Front 29

emphysema tends to increase what?

Back 29

…TLC and RV…

Front 30

frequent clenical manifestation of the shipbuilding insulators lower lobe asbesotis caused mesothelioma?

Back 30

…dyspnea, chest pain and HEMORRHAGIC PLEURAL EFFUSIONS…

Front 31

gold standar for diagnosis of mesothelioma is?

Back 31

…EM showing tumor cells with numerous, long slender microvilli and abundant tonofilaments, these findings help differentiate mesothelioma from adenocarcinoma which have short plump microvilli…

Front 32

bronchoalveolar carcinoma is a variant of what?

Back 32

…adenocarcinoma…

Front 33

bronchocarcinoma is a variant of adeno carcinoma and always arises?

Back 33

…at the periphery of the lung and has a characteristic distribution along the alveolar septa without vascular and lymphatic spread…

Front 34

Small cell carcinoma usally comes from?

Back 34

…the major bronchi…

Front 35

squamous cell carcinoma like small cell carcinoma comes from what?

Back 35

…the major bronchi…

Front 36

what lung cancer ahs chromogrannin, and synaoptophysin markers?

Back 36

…small cell carcinoma that arises from the bronchi…

Front 37

what is omalizumab?

Back 37

…an anti-IgE antibody thst inhibits IgE from binding to mast cells, long term use of this drug lowers IgE levels and significantly relieves allergen-induced bronchial constriction…

Front 38

characterize asbestosis?

Back 38

…formation of fibrocalcific plaques on the PARIETAL SURFACE, with ferruginous bodies coated with iron and protein…

Front 39

Clinically asbestosis manifests with?

Back 39

…dyspnea and reduced lung volumes (restrictive pattern)…

Front 40

used in rubber industries?

Back 40

…beta napthyline as well as used in analine dyes causes bladder carcinoma…