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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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VA / Q =
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ventilation of alveoli/perfusion
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Ventilation and perfusion should be _____?
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Ventilation and perfusion should be equal
(Q= VA) |
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Wasted Perfusion
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- obstruction to airway or venous shunt, ventilation cannot occur (VA /Q)
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Wasted Ventilation (Dead Space)
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- obstruction in perfusion ex. pulmonary emboli ( VA /Q)
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Gas exchange at lungs =
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Gas exchange at lungs =
Co2 unloading and O2 loading into blood |
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Gas exchange at tissues =
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Gas exchange at tissues =
O2 unloading and Co2 Loading |
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Factors Affecting Oxyhemoglobin Activity:
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Increased or Decreased affinity
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*Increased Affinity
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-loading
Shift left in sigmoid curve Increase pH Decrease in PCO2 Decrease temp Decrease in 2,3, di-phospshate glycerate |
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*Decreased Affinity
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-unloading
Shift right in sigmoid curve Decrease pH Increase PCO2 Increase temp Increase 2,3 DPG |
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Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease:
resistance to airflow |
Increased resistance to airflow, anywhere from trachea to bronchioles
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***Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease:
examples of diseases |
Includes Emphysema, Chronic Bronchitis, and Asthma with overlap
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Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease:
Obstruction |
Airway obstruction- narrowing of airways causing increased resistance to airflow
1. hypertrophy of bronchial wall 2. inflammation and/or excess mucus 3. loss of elastic fibers (emphysema)- hold airway open |
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Asthma
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Chronic and obstructive narrowing of lumen, usually contains a trigger (allergen)
IgE- mast cell degranulation, release of pro-inflammatories Bronchoconstriction, edema and mucus production Atelectasis (air sac collapse) can occur |
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Atelectasis
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Air sac collapse
-can occur from asthma |
