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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Conducting Airways |
trachea bronchi bronchioles alveolar ducts |
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Parasympathetic regulation |
bronchoconstriction vasodilation mucous secretion |
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Sympathetic regulation |
bronchodilation vasoconstriction decreased mucous secretion |
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Residual volume |
the air you can't blow out when you exhale
Goes way up in asthma/COPD |
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TLC |
total amount of air in the lungs
norm: 5-8L |
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Tidal Volume |
how much air you can breathe in and out at one time
Goes WAY down in COPD |
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Vital Capacity |
Inhaling and exhaling as much as you can |
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Normal breathing compliance |
200 mL/cm H20 |
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Pressure between lung and chest wall is... |
negative
keeps lungs expanded, if relieved the lung will collapse |
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What must breathing overcome? |
Elastic recoil and airway resistance |
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What causes airway resistance? |
Constriction of airways
muscular hypertrophy or secretions |
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At rest, where is blood flow greater? |
Lower lobes of lungs
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What does a mismatch in ventilation and perfusion result in? |
A drop in arterial O2 |
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What is lung ventilation at rest? |
6L/min |
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V/P ratio |
0.8 |
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Anatomic dead space |
portion of lung being ventilated but not perfused
this is the larger airways |
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Alveolar dead space |
V/Q = infinity Decreased PaO2 and increased PaCO2
RR must be increased There is ventilation but not perfusion
EX: Pulmonary embolism |
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Shunt |
Decreased PaO2 and increased PaCO2
No ventilation but perfusion in areas of lung
Cannot correct O2 problem |
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Absolute Shunt |
Pumping mixed blood into the body
Hyperventilation will not bring O2 up
EX: atelectasis and pneumonia |
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Normal alveolar/arterial gradiant |
Palveolar > Parterial
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Alveolar - arterial PO2 |
5-8 mmHg |
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What is RR determined by in normal ppl? |
pH in the CNS |
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Increased A-a |
areas of low V/Q
helps to measure how bad pneumonia is |
