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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are 5 risk factors for COPD
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SMOKING
prmaturity dust exposure increased air way responsiveness Genetics |
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What gene is linked to COPD in non smokers?
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alpha 1 antitripsin-checks neurophil elastase in lungs. NE can relase factors and digest holes into the lungs (emphysema)
homogenous for mutant allele |
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what is the pathophysiology of COPD?
2 things |
-disrupted alveolar attachments (airways aren't tethered open, collapse during expiration, limits airflow)
-chronic mucus hypersecretion: luminal obstruction clogged airway--> can lead to inflamation and fibrosis |
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what is chronic bronchitits?
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condition where there are hypertrophied submucosal glands
associated with neurtophil inflammation |
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small airway disease
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mucus clogs small airway, leads to further inflamation and ultimately fibrosis
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what cells contribute to COPD
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neutrophils
macrophages CD8 lymphocytes |
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is spirometry testing a good predictor of all cause mortality, risk of HD and lung cancer?
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Yes
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tiotropium
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anti cholinergic bronchodilator
no mortality change decrease exacerbation by 14% |
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Advair
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long acting B2 agonist and inhaled steroid
no decrease mortality increase QOL |
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Roflumilast
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PDE4 inhibitor; increases concentraion of cAMP in the cell and impacts neutophils, eosino, t cells macrohphages and mast cells
reduces fibroblast activation and epi relase of cytokines only for patients with severe COPD and bronchitits |
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erythromycin
(macrolide) |
anit inflamatory (decrease rate of exacerbation)
also used for CH not for everyone, only severe |
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what treatment for COPD does have a mortality advantage?
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long term O2
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