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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ethnocentrism
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The belief that one’s own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures.
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speach communication process. 7
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Speaker
Message Channel Listener Feedback Interference Situation |
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Types of Plagiarism
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Global plagiarism
Patchwork plagiarism Incremental plagiarism |
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Global Plagarism
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Stealing a speech entirely from a single source and passing it off as one’s own.
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patchwork plagarism
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Stealing ideas or language from two or three sources (putting them together) and passing them off as one’s own.
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incremental plagarism
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Failing to give credit for particular parts of a speech that are borrowed from other people.
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4 parts of ethos
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Competence
Integrity or character Likableness Forcefulness |
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sequential speach order
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tell a story of what happened in order in a particular instance
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Categorical
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talk about a particular area of your life
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Spatial
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does the speech move to different topics that are tied together in some way to describe you
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types of leaders
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Implied leader
Emergent leader Designated leader |
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Implied leader
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A group member to whom other members defer because of her or his rank, expertise, or other quality.
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Emergent leader
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A group member who emerges as a leader during the group's deliberations.
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Designated leader
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A person who is elected or appointed as leader when the group is formed.
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group needs
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Procedural needs
Task needs Maintenance needs |
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Procedural needs
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Routine “housekeeping” actions necessary for the efficient conduct of business in a small group.
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Task needs
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The real work or actions necessary to help a small group complete its assigned task.
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Maintenance needs
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Communicative actions necessary to maintain interpersonal relations in a small group.
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Reflective-Thinking Method Steps
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1. Define the problem
2. Analyze the problem 3. Establish criteria for solutions 4. Generate potential solutions 5. Select the best solution |
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Hearing
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The vibration of sound waves on the eardrums and the firing of electrochemical impulses in the brain.
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Listening
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Paying close attention to, and making sense of, what we hear.
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Ladder of Listening
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Constructive
Critical Appreciative Empathic Comprehensive Discriminative |
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Discriminative Listening
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Simple detecting that sounds of spoken communication are taking place
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Comprehensive Listening
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You are listening to understand; focusing on the message including verbal and nonverbal language and you put your own field of reference into play
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Empathic Listening
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We suspend judgment, open up our heart and allow them to begin to be heard. Provide emotional support.
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Appreciative Listening
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Listening for the pleasure and enjoyment of the message. Even enjoying the personality.
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Critical Listening
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Analyze the content of the message to accept it or reject it.
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Constructive Listening
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Taking what you’ve heard and learned and applying it for value to your life or acting on it!
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Spare “Brain Time”
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The difference between the rate at which most people talk (120 to 150 words a minute) and the rate at which the brain can process language (400 to 800 words a minute).
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Facts
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can be confirmed
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Inferences
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are projections based on facts
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Opinions
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are personal judgments
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egocentrism
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The tendency of people to be concerned above all with their own values, beliefs, and well-being.
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types of questions
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Fixed-alternative questions
Scale questions Open-ended questions |
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Fixed-alternative questions
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Questions that offer a fixed choice between two or more alternatives.
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Scale questions
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Questions that require responses at fixed intervals along a scale of answers.
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Open-ended questions
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Questions that allow respondents to answer however they want.
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brainstorming
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A method of generating ideas for speech topics by free association of words and ideas.
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speach functions
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Inform
Persuade or Celebrate |
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Research Strategies. 5
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Background information
Current happenings In-depth information Local applications Supporting materials |
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"The great difficulty in amplifiers is that they amplify the speaker’s voice, but not his ideas".
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-The Public Speaker’s Treasure Chest
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"I use not only all the brains I have, but all I can borrow!"
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- President Woodrow Wilson
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"There is nothing about you more magnetic or attractive than your smile".
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– Encourage Me, P. 70
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“Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself, ye do well.”
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- James 2:8 - Bible, King James Version
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“A mixture of misery and education is highly explosive.”
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– Herbert Samuel
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"Yes, there are times when something is legitimately not our fault. Blaming others, however, keeps us in a stuck state and is ultimately rough on our own self-esteem."
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Eric Allenbaugh Author of "Wake-Up Calls"
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"I was asking myself why I was having these obstacles in my life...then I suddenly became aware that these obstacles were my life, and I began to enjoy them."
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John Kanary Author of "Breaking Through Limitations"
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“The only thing we have to fear, is fear itself!”
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President, Franklin D. Roosevelt
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“The best speakers know enough to be scared…. The only difference between the pros and the novices is that the pros have trained the butterflies to fly in formation.”
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- Edward R. Murrow,
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The will to win is not nearly as important as the will to prepare to win.
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- Bobby Knight
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“Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor.”
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Exodus 20:16
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“If you do not tell the truth about yourself you cannot tell it about other people.”
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– Virginia Woolf
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